合肥市2006年农药中毒监测及生产性中毒影响因素分析  

Analysis of pesticide poisoning and its operational factors in Hefei in 2006

作　　者：方四新[1] 吴英[1] 

机构地区：[1]合肥市疾病预防控制中心,安徽合肥230061

出　　处：《疾病控制杂志》2008年第1期49-52,共4页Chinese Journal of Disease Control and Prevention

摘　　要：目的调查合肥市农药中毒的发病情况和生产性农药中毒的因素,为制定农药中毒防治对策提供科学依据。方法对2006年合肥市农药中毒监测系统报告的1386例农药中毒病例和主动监测病例进行流行病学调查。结果2006年监测农药中毒病例1386例,死亡76例,病死率5.48%;非生产性中毒病例多于生产性中毒,生产性中毒病例中男性多于女性,非生产性中毒女性多于男性;中毒病例年龄集中在15～55岁;杀虫剂中毒占74.7%,以有机磷农药为主;生产性农药中毒主要集中在第3季度,占89.6%,病例多发地为县域区;logistic回归分析发现,施药者的文化程度、施药时段、工作时间、个人防护状况、农药毒性与中毒关系密切(P<0.05),生产实行适当的个人防护、选择早晚凉爽时间、工作时间短、使用低毒农药可以有效防止中毒发生。结论预防农药中毒,应采取多部门协作的政府干预策略,提高中毒预警水平和防范能力。Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristic factors of pesticide poisoning and factors of operational poisoning,and provide measures for controlling pesticides poisoning.Methods 1 386 pesticide poisoning cases were reported in 2006 from the surveillance system and active surveillance for operational poisoning cases were analyzed.Results There were 1 386 pesticide poisoning reported in 2006,of which 76 cases died.The fatality rate was 5.48%.The number of non-operational poisoning cases was higher than that of operational poisoning,and the number of male was higher than that of female in operational poisoning cases.On the other hand,the number of female was higher than that of male in non-operational poisoning cases.The poisoning cases were concentrated at the age of 15～55.The cases caused by insecticides ranked first,of which incidence cases were 74.7% and the major one was organic phosphorus pesticides.Outskirts was the most serious area of pesticides poisoning.89.6% of operational poisoning cases caused by insecticides mainly occurred in the third quarter.Logistic analysis showed that education,time interval,work time,protective appliances,low toxic substances were the factors related closely to the poisoning degree（P〈0.05）.Protective appliances,selection of suitable time,short-time work,selection of low toxic pesticides could prevent the occurrence of poisoning accidents.Conclusions Effective measures and government intervention should therefore be established and carried out immediately to improve warning level and prevention of pesticides poisoning.

关 键 词：农药 中毒 环境监测 

分 类 号：R595.5[医药卫生—内科学]