人工降雨条件下秸秆覆盖减少水土流失的效应研究  

Effects of Straw Mulch Application on Water Loss and Soil Erosion Under Simulated Rainfall

作　　者：唐涛[1] 郝明德[2] 单凤霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨陵712100 [2]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,陕西杨陵712100

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2008年第1期9-11,40,共4页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KZCX2-YW-424-3);国家科技支撑计划(2006BAD15B01-02);农业部保护性耕作创新项目;陕西省保护性耕作项目资助

摘　　要：采用人工模拟降雨试验，研究秸秆不同用量对径流、入渗和土壤侵蚀的影响。结果表明：秸秆覆盖有增加入渗和减少水土流失的作用；覆盖率大于40％条件下能有效地控制水土流失，但当覆盖度低于40％时对控制水土流失的作用不明显。在土壤含水量10％，降雨强度120mm／h的雨强条件下，秸秆覆盖能推迟起流时间1～15min，增加累积入渗量37％～113％，减少径流总量3％～40％，减少土壤侵蚀10％～80％。By the basis of experiments of simulated rainfall, the effects of different quantity straw mulch on runoff water infiltration and soil erosion are studied. The results show that straw mulch increase water infiltration, reduce runoff and soil erosion. The cover rate more than 40% control water and soil loss,ortherwise the contrary result. Under water content 10% and 120 mm/h rainfall rate, straw mulch delay runoff 1 - 15 minutes, increase accumulative infiltration 37 % - 113 %, reduce runoff 3 % -40% ,and soil erosion 10%-80%. Effects of straw mulch control soil and water loss increase as cover rate increases.

关 键 词：人工降雨 秸秆覆盖 水土流失 

分 类 号：S157[农业科学—土壤学]