徐州矿区充填复垦土壤特性实验研究  

Experimental Study on the Soil Infiltration Characteristics of Reclaimed Site in Xuzhou Mining Area

作　　者：董霁红[1] 卞正富[1] 雷少刚[1] BEXTEN Jutta 

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学环境与测绘学院,江苏徐州221008 [2]TFH Georg Agricola-University of Applied Sciences, Herner Strasse 45,44787, Bochum, Germany

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2008年第1期234-237,共4页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(50574095);中国矿业大学科技基金项目(2005B019,D200405)

摘　　要：为了研究矿区复垦土壤的特性、环境质量状况,探寻矿区特殊生态环境中污染物料的时间路径、人工土壤的质量品质,为煤矿塌陷区的充填复垦、环境治理提供依据,采用对复垦场地进行实验研究和数据分析的方法,对不同物料充填复垦场地的土壤特性进行比较分析。结果发现:(1)土壤环境:从渗透性来说,矸石复垦场地的保水性高于粉煤灰复垦场地,土层的保水性高于充填物料层的保水性;从土壤紧实度来说,粉煤灰充填复垦场地充填物料层的紧实度低于土层的紧实度,但都在适宜作物生长的范围内;对照地的土壤紧实度偏高;粉煤灰充填场地的土壤偏碱性;(2)土壤品质:粉煤灰充填土壤能够正常种植小麦、稻、草本的植物、蔬菜等;粉煤灰充填场地的土层虽然是沙土,但比较容易板结,不利于水分的渗透,而底层的粉煤灰保水性比较差;煤矸石充填复垦场地表层覆土厚度不均匀,且煤矸石保水保肥性比较差;(3)充填土壤的适种性和产量分析:粉煤灰回填的土壤适合草本蔬菜类植物的种植,单产与正常产量相当;对于种植稻的田块,保持正常的单产水平;种植小麦的产量受到影响。In order to study the soil characteristic, environmental qualities, the time path of contamination in special enviroment, quality and character of man-made soil in refilled mining areas, so can give some suggestions about the reclamation and environment neaten in coal mining areas, the experiment study and values analysis of different refilled fields are taken in this paper. The results are：（1） For the permeability,the field that refilled with gangue is better than the field that refilled with fly ashes;（2） For the soil compaction,the field that refilled with fly ashes is better than the field that refilled with gangue, but all suit for plantings In the third field the soil compaction is a little higher than normal; （3） Because of the waste materials at the bottom of the soil, it is maybe not very good at keeping water and nutrient, so affect the yield of the field.

关 键 词：复垦场地 渗透特性 实验研究 徐州矿区 

分 类 号：S157[农业科学—土壤学]