市郊公路边土壤中有机污染物分布特征  

Distribution characteristics of organic pollutants in roadside soil at suburb

作　　者：刘晓艳[1] 李俊刚[1] 戴春雷[1] 冯进来[1] 闻婧[1] 

机构地区：[1]大庆石油学院地球科学学院地球化学系,黑龙江大庆163318

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2008年第3期339-340,共2页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：黑龙江省自然科学基金(B0210);黑龙江省科技计划项日(GZ05A601);黑龙江省教育厅科技基金(10541005)

摘　　要：目的研究交通排放对公路边公共土壤环境的影响,探讨其中有机污染物的分布特征及其防治对策。方法利用热解分析方法对公路边土壤样品中的有机污染物含量进行检测分析。结果公路边土壤中含有链烷烃、芳香烃、杂环及苯酚类等各种有机污染物。高速公路出入口处以及路况较差的路段,路边土壤中有机污染物含量高;细粒土壤中更易于富集有机污染物;有机污染物组分含量按以下顺序依次递减:链烷烃>芳香烃>杂环与酚类化合物;具有"三致"作用的多环芳烃较单环芳烃更易于被公路边土壤所富集。结论公路边土壤中具有高环境毒性与生物毒性的有机污染物,特别是多环芳烃的危害性不容忽视,应加强预防和治理。Objective To study the effects of vehicle emission on roadside soil at suburb,and to explore the distribution characteristics and precautionary measure of organic pollutants in roadside soils.Methods Amount and composition characteristics of organic pollutants in the soil samples at roadside were detected and analyzed by pyrolysis method with Geofina Hydrocarbon Meter（GHM）made in Norway.Results There were various organic pollutants,such as paraffins,aromatics,heterocyclic compounds and phenols,in the roadside soils.Organic pollutants were easily enriched in the roadside soils at the entrance and poor section of highway.The amount of organic pollutants was more in the tiny particle soil than coarse one.The content of the organic contaminants descends in turns：paraffins〉aromatic hydrocarbons〉heterocyclic compounds and phenols.The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons（PAHs）were easier enriched than monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the roadside soils.Conclusion The containination and toxicity of organic pollutants in the roadside soils,especially PAHs,to the nature environment and human health can＇t be neglected.Comprehensive management of environmental pollution should be strengthened.

关 键 词：市郊 公路边 土壤 有机污染物 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]