N,N'-二硝基哌嗪的热分解机理及动力学研究  

Investigation on kinetics and mechanism of thermal decomposition of N,N'-dinitropiperazine

作　　者：严启龙[1] 李笑江[1] 张晓宏[1] 王晗[1] 石小兵[1] 刘子如[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安近代化学研究所,西安710065

出　　处：《固体火箭技术》2008年第1期55-59,共5页Journal of Solid Rocket Technology

基　　金：总装备部"十五"预研基金资助项目(41328030503)

摘　　要：采用高压差示扫描量热（PDSC）、热重分析（TGA）和快速扫描傅立叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）等分析技术，研究了N，N′-二硝基哌嗪（DNP）的热分解机理；采用原位热裂池的丌IR技术分析分解过程的凝聚相变化，最终获得其热分解动力学方程和热分解与化学反应的具体过程。研究表明，0．1MPa下DNP发生挥发，不能正常分解；而在2、4、6MPa下DNP的分解过程较简单，先在217℃处出现一强吸热峰，它是由DNP熔融过程引起的，它随压强的变化不大，而后在244．2-251．7℃之间出现的主要放热峰，主放热峰之后300℃左右处有一小肩峰出现，且随着压强增大逐渐明显，这说明DNP在较高压强下出现了二次分解反应。采用3种不同计算方法所得的DNP分解活化能为103-124kJ·mol^-1；最后经过分析计算得到了DNP热分解机理函数。The thermal decomposition mechanism of N, N′-dinitropiperazine（DNP） was studied by means of high pressure differential scanning calorimetry （ PDSC）, thermogravimetry analysis （TGA） and Fourier transform infrared （FTIR） spectroscopy technology; Condensed-phase change of decomposition process was analyzed by means of in situ thermal decomposition cistern FTIR technology. Finally the thermal decomposition kinetics equation and the specific process of thermal decomposition and chemical reaction were obtained. The results show that DNP sample cann＇t decompose normally under 0.1 MPa pressure because of its volatilization; while its decomposition process becomes simple under 2 MPa, 4 MPa and 6 MPa pressure. There appears a sharp endothermic peak at 217℃ due to melting of DNP sample. The change of pressure hardly affects its decomposition process, and the main endothermic peak appears at 244.2 ℃ to 251.7 ℃. There exists a sharp endothermic peak at about 300 ℃ after the maximum endothermic peak, and the sharp peak becomes obvious gradually with the increase of the pressure, which shows that DNP can decompose continuiously under high pressure. The E. of DNP obtained by three different calculation methods is within 103 kJ·mol^-1 to 124 kJ·mol^-1. Finally the thermal decomposition mechanism functions were obtained through analysis and calculation.

关 键 词：推进剂 N N′-二硝基哌嗪 热分解 动力学 

分 类 号：V512[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]