某造船企业1994-2005年职业伤害流行病学调查  

Epidemiological Study of Occupational Injuries in a Shipyard During the Period of 1994-2005

作　　者：王颖丽 夏昭林[2] 庄惠民 

机构地区：[1]杨浦区疾病预防控制中心,上海200090 [2]复旦大学公共卫生学院,上海200032 [3]杨浦区卫生局卫生监督所,上海200090

出　　处：《环境与职业医学》2008年第1期49-50,共2页Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine

基　　金：上海市卫生局青年科研项目(编号:054Y51);上海市疾控中心的区县疾控中心青年人才培养科研项目资助计划(编号:区2005-12)

摘　　要：[目的]分析造船企业职业伤害的分布规律和有关危险因素。[方法]收集某造船企业1994年1月至2005年12月间发生并上报的工伤事故个案资料加以整理,用Epidata3.0建立数据库,用SPSS10.0进行统计分析。[结果]11年来总职业伤害事故发生率为3.63‰,轻伤∶重伤∶死亡比例为70∶7.5∶1。以<5年(15.29%)、20～25年(15.92%)、30～35年(18.47%)工龄组发生居多;伤害部位以手指和脚趾为主(31.21%);事故类型以物体打击最多见(21.66%);事故原因以个人相关原因为主(54.77%)。[结论]职业伤害是由多种原因造成,其中个人因素和环境因素十分重要,职业伤害的防制应从加强安全教育、改进设备和改善工作环境等方面综合开展。[ Objective ] To clarify distributions and relevant risk factors of occupational injuries in a shipyard during 1994 to 2005. [ Methords ] A retrospective epidemiological investigation on occupational injuries was carried out. [ Results ] The incidence of occupational injuries was 3.63 ‰. The ratio of mild injury： grave injury ： death was 70 ： 7.5 ： 1. Most victims of occupational injuries were workers with working age 〈 5 years （ 15.29% ）, 20-25 years （ 15.92% ）, and 30-35 years （ 18.47% ）. The most occupational injuries occured in fingers or toes （ 31.21% ）. The major type of occupational injuries was foreign object strike （ 21.66% ）. Most occupational injuries were related to personal factors （ 54.77% ）. [ Conclusion ] The occurrence of occupational injuries dealt with multiple factors. The personal factors and the working environmental factors were very important. For prevention and control, it requires a comprehensive approach including safety training , improvement in equipment and working environment, etc.

关 键 词：职业伤害 造船企业 流行病学 

分 类 号：R13[医药卫生—劳动卫生]