染发剂的致突变、致癌和毒代动力学的研究进展  

A Review of Mutagenicity,Carcinogenicity and Toxicokinetics of Hair Dyes

作　　者：周永贵[1] 李真观[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市疾病预防控制中心,上海200336

出　　处：《环境与职业医学》2008年第1期100-104,107,共6页Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine

摘　　要：大部分氧化型染发剂、部分功效成分苯胺衍生物及其氧化物具有致突变性。经口致癌性试验证明,部分苯胺衍生物可诱发大鼠、小鼠膀胱癌、肝癌等,但经皮致癌性试验呈阴性。使用者和职业接触者流行病学调查结果表明,使用氧化型染发剂的安全性和致癌性,至今证据仍不充分。但是,职业接触可能增加癌症的发病率,估计相对危险,是中等强度。苯胺衍生物经皮吸收率<1%。一次染发体内接触剂量<10mg,80%以上从尿液排出。A large section of the oxidative hair dyes and a part of aniline derivatives and its oxidative products are mutagenicity. The carciongenicity studies in feed suggest that a part of aniline derivatives have induced bladder and liver carcinoma etc in rats and mice,but found no evidence of carcinogenicity in dermal carcinogenicity test. The result of epidemiological studies suggest that safety and carcinogenicity among oxidative hair dye users have no strong evidence so far, but occupational exposure might increased carcinoma frequency, which a summary estimate is median. The systemic percutaneous absorption rates of aniline derivatives were less than 1%, the absorption values 〈10 mg for one time,more than 80% is excreted by man in the urine.

关 键 词：染发剂 致突变 致癌 毒代动力学 

分 类 号：R114[医药卫生—卫生毒理学]