阴离子交换合成氧化锌纳米晶体粉新方法及粉体光催化活性  

Novel Anion Exchange Method for Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanocrystal Powder and Photocatalytic Activity of the Powder

作　　者：刘鹏[1] 郭志辉[1] 张学俊[1] 肖天存[2] 

机构地区：[1]贵州大学贵州省发酵工程与生物制药重点实验室,贵州贵阳550003 [2]牛津大学无机化学实验室,英国

出　　处：《纳米科技》2008年第1期64-69,共6页

基　　金：教育部“春晖计划”项目（Z062008）

摘　　要：采用一种新型的液相掺杂方法——非水相离子交换除氯法制备掺锑纳米氧化锌。该方法是在中性条件下，严格在控制含水量的低极性溶剂中进行的反应。氯离子的去除与水解是同时进行的，以保证掺杂的准确性及均匀性，提出的乙酸异戊酯共沸蒸馏法回收得到的纳米材料具有高分散性，TEM照片表明其保持了合成时的粒径和形貌。XRD图谱表明，未经煅烧的掺杂纳米氧化锌具有明显晶体衍射峰的晶体。掺杂后纳米氧化锌紫外可见吸收光谱发生了紫移，而紫外的吸收增强，表明锑原子已经掺杂到ZnO的晶格之中。这种半导体材料对甲基红（MR）的光催化降解作用表明，掺杂极大地提高了氧化锌纳米晶体的降解效率，90min内对甲基红（MR）的降解率可高达97％，与纯氧化锌相比，提高了70％以上。A novel solution method of doping, non-aqueous ion exchange for removal of chlorine was applied to prepare nano-ZnO doped with Sb, which is based on a reaction that occurs in low-polar solvents containing limited water under a neutral condition. The removal of chlorine ion and the hydrolysis are conducted at the same time. The new process ensures that an accurate and uniform doping is achieved. The nano-scale powder dried by an azeotropic distillation of isoamyl acetate is high dispersive that hold its original size and shape as TEM pictures showed. XRD patterns suggest that the doped nano-ZnO, without any firing, is a crystal with distinct X-ray diffraction peaks. UV-Vis absorption spectra shift towards the violet region and UV-Vis absorption strengths increase, implying antimony atom has doped into the lattice of ZnO crystal. The photo-catalytic degradation of methyl red （MR） over the solid semi-conductor showed the doping had greatly increased the degradation efficiency of Sb-doped ZnO crystal. The maximum degradation efficiency on MR reached up to 97 % in 90 rain and increase over 70 % than that of pure zinc oxide.

关 键 词：纳米氧化锌 锑掺杂 阴离子交换树脂 水解 光催化 

分 类 号：O649.1[理学—物理化学]