荒漠地区钻井废液无害化处理技术  

The Non-hazardous Disposal Technology for Waste Drilling Fluid in Desert Exploitation Area

作　　者：叶艳[1] 鄢捷年[1] 黎跃东[2] 谢羽[3] 黄兰[4] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学北京石油工程教育部重点实验室 [2]塔里木油田分公司质量安全环保处 [3]中石油西南油气田公司天然气研究院 [4]大庆油田建设集团

出　　处：《石油与天然气化工》2008年第1期81-85,共5页Chemical engineering of oil & gas

摘　　要：新疆主要油气开发区大都处于生态环境极其脆弱的荒漠之中,由于作业分散、钻井液成分复杂,钻井作业产生的钻井废液处理难度极大。目前采用的自然干化填埋和常规固化法对有害物质的固定能力有限,随着时间的推移,其中的有害物质如石油类和金属离子又会逐渐渗出,存在潜在的环境风险。基于安定化/固化作用机理,研究得到高效破胶技术和多级复合固着强化技术,能将钻井废液完全包容封闭在惰性基材中形成微匣限环境,彻底吸附和分解污染物质;其中的有机结构调节剂增加了固化体和砂体的胶结强度和整体抗压强度,在提高了无害化处置效果的同时,缩短了施工周期。塔里木油田DH1-3H井现场应用表明:使用该技术后,钻井废液固化体浸出液毒性和抗压强度指标检测均达到国家标准,现场施工完毕2h后,池面即可行人,12h即可行驶车辆,无害化处理效果良好,被列为塔里木油田污染治理示范工程。Most oil & gas exploitation area of Xinjiang are located in desert,where the ecological environment is very fragile and damageable.Due to the complicate components and the widely distribution,there are great difficulties in the waste drilling fluid disposal.The commonly used methods,which are natural dehydration and the solidification with cement,have potential environmental risk because the harmful components such as oil and metal-ions would release from the solid as the time flies.Based on the mechanism research of stabilization and solidification,the high-effect colloid breaking and multiple stabilization technology has been fulfilled,which could develop the micro-encapsulation structure to enclose,absorb and resolve the contaminant completely.Among the agents,the organic structure regulator improves the stress intensity of solidified body and shortens the operating period.The field application in DH1-3H showed that the toxicity index of the leaching liquor and the intensity of compression all can reach the national standards.The solidified surface could support the foot passenger after 2 hours of the process,and driving vehicle after 12 hours.So,the disposal was granted as the demonstration project of pollution treatment by Tarim Oilfield.

关 键 词：钻井废液 安定化/固化 微匣限 抗压强度 防砂固砂 

分 类 号：X741[环境科学与工程—环境工程]