聚乙烯醇接枝改性阳离子丙烯酸树脂的力学性能和耐水性  

Mechanical and Water Resistant Properties of Cationic Polyacrylate Grafted with Polyvinyl Alcohol

作　　者：李培枝[1] 李小瑞[1] 沈一丁[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西科技大学化学与化工学院,陕西西安710021

出　　处：《石油化工》2008年第3期286-290,共5页Petrochemical Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(20376043;50673055)

摘　　要：在引发剂过硫酸钾和少量助溶剂异丙醇的作用下,以聚乙烯醇(PVA)为分散剂,乙二醛为交联剂,苯乙烯、丙烯酸丁酯、甲基丙烯酸和甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵为主要单体,采用无皂乳液聚合法制备了出PVA接枝改性阳离子丙烯酸树脂,并用该树脂制备了一系列乳胶膜。考察了分散剂、交联剂和助溶剂的用量对乳胶膜力学性能和耐水性能的影响。实验结果表明,当w(PVA)=8.0%、w(乙二醛)=3.5%、w(异丙醇)=0.5%时,乳胶膜的拉伸强度为8.520MPa,断裂伸长率超过40%,水接触角为92.5°。示差扫描量热测定结果显示,乳胶膜的玻璃化转变温度为90.3℃;热重分析结果表明,乳胶膜的起始分解温度在150℃以上。Polyvinyl alcohol （PVA） grafted cationic polyacrylate resin was prepared by soap-free emulsion polymerization of styrene, butyl acrylate, methacrylic acid, and methacryloxyethyl trimethylammonium chloride, using potassium persulfate as initiator, isopropanol as cosolvent, PVA as dispersing agent and glyoxal as crosslinker. A series of membrane were made from prepared resin. Effects of PVA, crosslinker and cosolvent dosages on mechanical and water resistant properties of the polymer membranes were studied. Under conditions of w（PVA） 8.0%, w（glyoxal） 3. 5% and w（isopropanol） 0.5% ,tensile strength of the membrane is 8. 520 MPa and its elongation at break is more than 40%. The water contact angle reaches 92. 5°. Glass transition temperature of polymer membrane is 90.3 ℃ determined by means of DSC. Decomposition temperature of polymer membrane, determined by thermogravimetry analysis, starts at more than 150 ℃, which can meet temperature requirements of normal application.

关 键 词：聚乙烯醇 丙烯酸 接枝改性 无皂乳液聚合法 力学性能 接触角 耐水性 

分 类 号：TQ322.4[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]