渗透剂对高效氯氰菊酯毒力和三种鳞翅目害虫上表皮超微结构的影响  

Effects of penetration enhancers on the toxicity of beta-cypermethrin and epicuticle ultrastructure of three lepidopterous insects

作　　者：陈娇[1] 宋敦伦[1] 李会仙[1] 姜辉[2] 王晓军[2] 林荣华[2] 高希武[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院,北京100094 [2]农业部农药检定所生物技术研究测试中心,北京100026

出　　处：《昆虫学报》2008年第2期216-221,共6页Acta Entomologica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划资助(2006CB102003)

摘　　要：以甜菜夜蛾Spodoptera exigua(Hübner)、小菜蛾Plutella xylostella(L.)和棉铃虫Helicoverpa armigera(Hübner)为试虫,通过室内生物测定技术,研究了氮酮、噻酮和N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮等3种渗透剂对高效氯氰菊酯毒力的影响;利用扫描电镜观察了甜菜夜蛾和小菜蛾4龄幼虫对照组和渗透剂处理组间上表皮超微结构的变化。结果表明:含3.0%N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮的高效氯氰菊酯对小菜蛾幼虫LD50为0.0074μg/头、毒力系数为2.0,对高效氯氰菊酯增效作用明显,而对其他两种试虫没有增效作用;氮酮和噻酮对高效氯氰菊酯对3种鳞翅目幼虫毒力均无增效作用。甜菜夜蛾对照组上表皮蜡质层和护蜡层清晰可见,渗透剂处理组上表皮护蜡层有不同程度的消失;而小菜蛾对照组和N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮处理组上表皮护蜡层没有明显变化,只有氮酮处理组上表皮的护蜡层消失。以上结果提示,渗透剂对上表皮护蜡层的影响不是其对高效氯氰菊酯增效作用的机制。The effects of penetration enhancers, azone, thiazone and N-methyl-2-ketopyrrolidine, on the toxicity of beta-cypermethrin were investigated by bioassay in Spodoptera exigua （ Hübner）, Plutella xylostella （L.） and Helicoverpa armigera （Hühner）, and their effects on epicuticle uhrastructure of the tested insects were observed by scanning electron microscope. The results showed that the LD50 value of beta-cypermethrin with 3.0% N-methyl-2-ketopyrrolidine was 0.0074 μg/larva in P. xylostella. Beta-cypermethrin could be synergisted by N-methyl-2-ketopyrrolidine （the coefficient of toxicity was 2.0） in P. xylostella but not in S. exigua and H. armigera. However, the toxicity of beta-cypermethrin could not be enhanced by azone and thiazone in P. xylostella, S. exigua and H. armigera. The observations by scanning electron microscope showed that the cement layer of epicuticle in the fourth instar larvae of S. exigua was disappeared after treatment with penetration enhancers. The epicuticle ultrastructure in the fourth instar larvae of P. xylostella treated by N-methyl-2-ketopyrrolidine was not different from the control group, but the cement layer of epicuticle disappeared in the P. xylostella larvae treated by azone. The results suggested that the diversification of the cement layer of epicuticle was not the synergistic mechanism of penetration enhancers to beta-cypermethrin in the three lepidopterous insects.

关 键 词：氮酮 噻酮 N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮 增效作用 高效氯氰菊酯 渗透剂 

分 类 号：Q965[生物学—昆虫学]