不同氮肥管理对春玉米干物质生产、分配及转运的影响  

Effects of Different Nitrogen Managements on Dry Matter Accumulation,Partition and Transportation of Spring Maize(Zea mays L.)

作　　者：戴明宏[1] 陶洪斌[1] 王利纳[1] 王璞[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院农业部作物栽培与耕作学重点开放实验室,北京100094

出　　处：《华北农学报》2008年第1期154-157,共4页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30571089)

摘　　要：为探索华北地区春玉米高产可持续栽培技术,研究了不同氮素管理(不施氮、推荐施氮、经验施氮)对春玉米的干物质积累、分配及转运的影响。结果表明,在高肥力土壤条件下,第一年推荐和经验施氮同不施氮相比在干物质积累、叶面积指数、籽粒产量、穗位叶光合速率等方面都没有起到明显的促进作用,但在第二年不施氮处理产量比推荐施氮和经验施氮分别下降了12.0%和11.6%。推荐施氮的优势不仅体现在减少氮肥投入的前提下保持产量的稳定,同时也明显促进了生育后期植株营养体干物质向籽粒的转运,各器官干物质转运总量占籽粒总干质量的22.1%,比经验施氮高6.1%。The objective of this study is to provide a technique for high-yielding spring maize cultivation by analyzing effects of different nitrogen managements on dry matter accumulation, partition and transportation. There are three nitrogen managements： Zero nitrogen fertilization（ZNF）, Recommended nitrogen fertilization（RNF）, Traditional nitrogen fertilization（TNF）. The results showed that neither RNF nor TNF could obviously improve dry matter accumulation, LAI, earleave photosynthetic rate and grain yield in the first year. However, in the second year, ZNF achieved yield reduction of 12.0% and 11.6% comparing with RNF and TNF respectively. Furthermore,RNF could not only reduce nitrogen input, but also improve dry matter transportation from other organs to grain, the proportion of which reached 22.1%, and was 6.1% higher than TNF.

关 键 词：春玉米 干物质分配 干物质转运 

分 类 号：S513.04[农业科学—作物学]