全国城市学龄儿童睡眠状况研究  

Sleep habits and sleep disturbance in school-age children of China

作　　者：李生慧[1,4] 沈晓明[1] 金星明[1] 颜崇淮[2] 吴胜虎[2] 江帆[1] 余晓丹[2] 仇玉兰[3] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院上海儿童医学中心儿童保健科上海市环境与儿童健康重点实验室,200092 [2]上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院上海儿科医学研究所上海市环境与儿童健康重点实验室 [3]上海交通大学医学院公共卫生学院预防医学教研室 [4]上海交通大学医学院公共卫生学院预防医学教研室,200092

出　　处：《中华儿科杂志》2008年第3期185-189,共5页Chinese Journal of Pediatrics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目（30700670）;上海市儿科学重点学科项目（70204）;上海市医学重点学科项目（05111002）;2003年度新世纪优秀人才支持计划资助项目

摘　　要：目的掌握全国城市学龄儿童的睡眠时间，分析这一年龄阶段儿童主要存在的睡眠问题及变化规律。方法采用分级整群抽样，于2005年11—12月对我国9城市、55所小学的19299名学龄儿童进行问卷调查，调查内容包括儿童个人基本情况（采用自制问卷）、睡眠习惯和睡眠问题（采用中文版儿童睡眠习惯问卷）。结果我国城市学龄儿童平均每日睡眠时间平时为9h10min（标准差48min），周末为9h48min（标准差63min），睡眠不足发生率平时为71．4％，周末为41．8％。各类型睡眠问题发生率波动于14．5％（睡眠呼吸障碍）-75．3％（白天嗜睡）。男童与女童相比，睡眠焦虑的发生率略低（X^2=19．42，P〈0．01），但异态睡眠（X^2=13．76，P〈0．01）和睡眠呼吸障碍（X^2=119．83，P〈0．01）的发生率则高于女童。除夜醒问题外，其他类型睡眠问题均呈显著的年龄别差异。结论我国城市学龄儿童睡眠状况值得忧虑，儿童睡眠健康问题应作为一重要“公共卫生问题”，给予足够的重视。Objective To survey the sleep habits （ bedtime, wake time）, sleep duration, and sleep problems in school-age children of China. Method From November to December,2005 ,a total of 19 299 school-age children from 55 elementary schools of 9 cities entered the study by a cross-sectional survey. A parent-administered questionnaire and the Chinese version of the Children＇s Sleep Habits Questionnaire were applied to investigate children＇s sociodemographic characteristics and sleep behaviors, respectively. Results The mean sleep duration was 9 hours and 10 minutes （9：10, SD： 48 min） during the weekdays and 9：48 （ SD： 63 min） during the weekends. In about 71.4% and 41.8% school-aged children the sleep duration per day did not reach the lowest criterion of 10 hours recommended by the Ministry of Education of China during weekdays and weekends, respectively. Sleep problems were common with prevalence ranging from 14. 5% for sleep-disordered breathing to 75. 3% for daytime sleepiness. Parasonmia （ X^2 = 13. 76, P 〈 0.01 ） and sleep-disordered breathing （X^2 = 119. 83, P 〈0.01 ） were more prevalent in boys than in girls; however, sleep anxiety was more prevalent in girls than in boys （ X^2 = 19.42, P 〈 0. 01 ）. Except for night waking, other types of sleep problems were significantly associated with age . Conclusions Inadequate sleep duration and sleep problems prevail among school-age children, which indicates that children＇s sleep health may be a major public health concern in China.

关 键 词：儿童 睡眠 横断面研究 

分 类 号：R686[医药卫生—骨科学]