B超对胎儿四肢的诊断与评估  

Diagnosis and evaluation of fetal limb by ultrasonography

作　　者：王少峰[1] 赵冠华[1] 张菊梅[1] 王艳萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]深圳市沙井人民医院功能科,518104

出　　处：《中国妇幼保健》2008年第5期712-714,共3页Maternal and Child Health Care of China

摘　　要：目的：了解胎儿四肢的超声影像特征、检查手法及影响因素。方法：应用B超检查中晚期妊娠孕妇800例，共807人胎儿的四肢显像情况，分析不显示或部分显示的影响因素及对策。结果：①从孕12周-18周胎儿四肢显示率逐渐升高，孕19周-26周的显示率为100％，27周-42周随孕周的增大，显示率逐渐降低。②四肢不显示或部分显示的影响因素依次为羊水、四肢位置、孕周过大或过小、握拳不松、手脚合抱成团、孕妇肥胖，判定胎位有助于寻找胎儿肢体，但不影响肢体的显示率。结论：①孕19周-26周为观察胎儿四肢发育的最佳时期，孕12周-15周一般经腹部超声检查仪无法完全分辨手指及脚趾。②影响胎儿肢体观察的最主要因素为羊水及胎儿肢体在宫内的放置位置。③根据不同的胎位综合使用多种扫查方法，选择分辨率较高的超声诊断仪，可提高胎儿的肢体显示率。Objective： To understand the image feature, scan method and influence factor in fetal limb imaging by ultrasound. Methods： 800 cases of pregnancy women including 807 cases of fetus were examined by ultrasound to analyze the factor of incomplete display of fetal limbs and countermeasures. Results： ①The complete display of limb＇s rate was increased from 12 to 18 week of pregnancy, the rate from 19 to 26 week was 100%, the rate was decreased from 27 to 42 week. ②The factor of incomplete display of limb severally was amniotic fluid, four limbs position, longer or shorter gestational weeks, fetus clenching his fist, embrace of thoracic limb and pelvic limb, resolution of apparatus and obesity of women. ③Judgement of fetal position was help to find fetal limb, but the complete display of limb＇rate wsnt relative to fetal position. Conclusion： ①19 to 26 week of pregnancy is the best time for observing fetal limb, the general ultrasound apparatus cant discern the finger and toe of fetal in 12 to 15 week. ②The main factor of influence limb display is amniotic fluid and limb position. ③Combination of various scan methods and selection of hi - resolution apparatus can improve the rate of limb display.

关 键 词：超声 胎儿四肢 妊娠 

分 类 号：R445.1[医药卫生—影像医学与核医学]