不对称力学负荷对山羊脊柱生长板影响的组织学观察  

The effect of asymmetrical loading on the growth plate of goat′s spine:a histomorphological study

作　　者：宋迪煜[1] 郑国权[1] 张巍[1] 张如意[1] 孟传龙[1] 白林[1] 张永刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]解放军总医院骨科,北京市100853

出　　处：《中国脊柱脊髓杂志》2008年第3期218-221,I0002,共5页Chinese Journal of Spine and Spinal Cord

基　　金：科技部"863"专题课题(编号:2006AA02Z4D6)

摘　　要：目的:观察不对称力学负荷对山羊脊柱生长板的影响,探讨机械性因素调节脊柱生长的可能机制。方法:9只未成年雌性山羊随机分为实验组(n=6)和对照组(n=3),实验组采用单侧椎弓根螺钉不对称拴系的方法建立脊柱侧凸模型;对照组只作相同切口暴露,不进行固定。8周后获取侧凸顶椎(对照组相应节段)上下椎间盘及生长板,聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)包埋,不脱钙切片,Giemsa染色,镜下观察生长板情况。结果:对照组两侧生长板无明显差异;实验组非加压侧生长板增殖肥大层高度明显大于加压侧。实验组加压侧增殖肥大层软骨细胞数量少、形态异常、排列不规则,非加压侧软骨细胞增殖活跃,肥大层明显增厚;加压侧生长板最边缘的骺板内软骨细胞朝应力方向向外排列。结论:不对称力学负荷可导致生长板两侧软骨细胞增殖、肥大、形态及排列等的差异,并改变软骨内成骨方向,最终可能改变脊柱的生长方向。Objective：To investigate the possible mechanism of the mechanical modulation of spinal growth through analyzing the effect of asymmetrical loading on the growth plate of goat＇s spine.Method：Nine premature female goats were divided randomly into experimental group （n=6） and control group （n=3）.In experimental group scoliosis was created using unilateral pedicle screws asymmetric tethering and in control group the spine of goats were exposed without internal fixation.Eight weeks later,growth plates of apical vertebra and two adjacent intervertebral discs were harvested.All specimens were embedded with polymethyl methacrylate （PMMA）,sliced undecalcified and stained with Giemsa,then the histomorphological change of the growth plate was investigated.Result：There was no difference between both sides of growth plate in the control group,while in the experimental group the height of proliferation and hypertrophy zones of the nonloading side was obviously higher than that of the loading side.In the loading side,the number of chondrocytes of proliferation and hypertrophy zones was less than normal,and the cell＇s morph was abnormal with irregular arrangement of chondrocytes.However, proliferation of chondrocytes was active and the hypertrophy zone was thickening in the non-loading side.In addition,the chondrocytes in the edge of loading side were aligned to the direction of the load rather than to the ossify layer.Conclusion：The asymmetrical loading on spine can result in difference of proliferation,hypertrophy,morph and arrangement of chondrocytes between loading and non-loading side of growth plate and also result in the change of the direction of endochondral ossification,which may eventually modulate the growth of slaine.

关 键 词：脊柱侧凸 机械性调节 脊柱生长 生长板 

分 类 号：R682.3[医药卫生—骨科学] R361[医药卫生—外科学]