野猪和16个国内外猪种Mx1基因第14外显子多态性分析  

Polymorphism Analysis on Exon 14 of Mx1 Gene in Wild Boar and 16 Native and Exotic Pig Breeds

作　　者：吴圣龙[1] 包文斌[1] 鞠慧萍[1] 丁浩[2] 李碧春[1] 朱国强[3] 陈国宏[1] 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学动物科学与技术学院,扬州225009 [2]江苏省畜牧兽医总站,南京210036 [3]扬州大学兽医学院,扬州225009

出　　处：《畜牧兽医学报》2008年第3期257-261,共5页ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA

基　　金：江苏省高技术研究计划项目(BG2006302);扬州大学自然科学基金资助项目(NK0513119)

摘　　要：采用PCR—RFLP方法对野猪和国内外16个猪种Mx1基因第14外显子的多态性进行分析，共检测到3个等位基因，6种基因型。其中外来猪种和松辽黑猪中出现AA、CC和AC3种基因型；野猪和中国地方猪种中出现AA、BB和AB3种基因型；培育猪种中苏太猪中存在全部基因型。B等位基因仅在野猪和中国地方猪种中出现，而C等位基因仅在外来猪种和具有外来猪种血统的培育猪种中出现。根据Mx1基因第14外显子多态位点的基因频率构建的系统发生树也显示，中国地方猪种和外来猪种间的基因型分布存在明显差异，外来猪种和具有外来猪种血统的两个培育猪种聚在一起，野猪和中国地方猪种聚于另一类群，其中枫泾猪、二花脸和梅山猪首先聚在一起，且与野猪的遗传距离最近。野猪和藏猪中AB基因型的频率较高，分别为0．515和0．302，枫泾猪、二花脸和梅山猪中AB基因型频率为0．348-0．591。推测AB基因型可能具有较高的抗病毒能力，而且太湖猪（枫泾猪、二花脸和梅山猪）可能是进行猪流感病毒抗病育种的较好素材。By the PCR-RFLP method, the polymorphisms of exon 14 of Mx1 gene were detected in wild boar and 16 native and exotic pig breeds, with the analysis of restrictive enzyme Hin6 I digestion, there were 6 genotypes and 3 alleles. The exotic pig breeds and Songliao Black pigs appeared AA, AC and CC genotypes, all other Chinese native pig breeds appeared AA, BB and AB genotypes, the Sutai pigs appeared all six kinds of genotypes. Among all pig breeds in this study, the allele B only appeared in Chinese native pig breeds, while the allele C only appeared in exotic pig breeds and developed pig breeds which originated from exotic pig breeds. Dendrogram of phylogenetic relationships among these pig breeds based on polymorphism of Mx1 gene also showed that genotype distribution in Mx1 exon 14 was obviously different between Chinese native pig breeds and exotic pig breeds, all exotic pig breeds and two developed pig breeds formed one cluster, wild boar and all Chinese native pig breeds were clustered in the other large population, among this population, Fengjing pig, Erhualian pig and Meishan pig formed one branch firstly, and it had the nearest genetic relationship with wild boar. The frequency of AB genotype was relative higher in the individuals of wild boar and Tibetan pig, which were 0. 515 and 0. 302, respectively. The frequency of AB genotype in the populations of Fengjing pig, Erhualian pig and Meishan pig ranged from 0. 348 to 0. 591. All these results indicated that the individuals with AB gen- otype maybe have stronger ability of virus-resistance, and the Taihu pigs （Fengjing pig, Erhualian pig and Meishan pig） were perhaps the good potential materials for virus-resistant breeding in the future.

关 键 词：Mx1基因 野猪 地方猪种 外来猪种 

分 类 号：S828.2[农业科学—畜牧学]