不同基因型高粱的理化特性与抗蚜性的相关性研究  

Correlation Analysis of Physical and Chemical Characteristics with Resistance to Sorghum Aphid(Melanaphis sacchari) in Different Sorghum Genotypes

作　　者：常金华[1] 张丽[1] 申书兴[2] 马峙英[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学农学院,保定 071001 [2]河北农业大学园艺学院,保定 071001

出　　处：《植物遗传资源学报》2008年第1期55-61,共7页Journal of Plant Genetic Resources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30170498);河北省自然科学基金(2005000254);河北农大博士基金资助

摘　　要：通过对抗蚜的河农16和感蚜品系Tx623B、Tx622B、Tx3197B、千三、晋五及杂交种的物理特性、组织结构、生理生化特性的对比分析,研究了不同基因型高粱理化特性与抗蚜性的相关性。结果表明,高粱抗蚜品系叶片表面较感蚜品系的细胞排列整齐、致密、表皮细胞直径较感蚜品系小、叶片薄、叶片表面光滑、叶片颜色浅。感虫后各品系过氧化物酶(POD)、多酚氧化酶(PPO)活性均有升高,与蚜虫的诱导存在相关性,但不同品系感蚜前后均不存在趋势性变化;苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)酶活性感虫前在抗虫的河农16及杂交种中具有高水平表达,并与其他感蚜品系存在显著差异;蚜虫侵害诱导后PAL酶活性均有上升,但抗蚜品系中表现稳定,酶活性变化幅度与叶片损伤程度存在相关性,PAL酶活性与高粱的抗蚜性存在明显的相关性。感虫前后氨基酸含量及其变化与高粱品系抗蚜性间无相关性;在感蚜虫前,抗蚜品系及其杂交种可溶性糖含量显著高于感蚜品系,接虫后感蚜品系可溶性糖含量升高显著。Several sorghum strains including HN-16 ,F1 hybrids with resistance to aphid and some lines susceptible to aphid were employed in this experiment to study the mechanism of the aphid resistance through anatomy, biophysical and biochemistry analysis. It was observed that the leaf epidermic cell was ordered more tightly and regularly, the cell size was smaller, the leaf color was lighter, and the leaf was thinner in the resistance strains than that in susceptible ones. The comparative analysis of physiology and biochemistry revealed that PPO and POD enzyme activity expressed at high level in every sorghum strain after infected by aphid, but there was no obvious different between resistance and susceptible sorghum. The PAL enzyme activity was different between resistance and susceptible materials; it was higher in all resistance materials than that of susceptible ones before aphid infected. The activity expressed at high level after induced by aphid, but the change in the resistance materials was not obvious. The increase of PAL enzyme activity was corresponding with degree of hurt. The content of soluble sugar and amino-acid after aphid infected was related to the aphid invasion, but the amino-acid content had nothing with resistance of different sorghum before and after aphid infection. The content of soluble sugar before aphid invasion was different between resistant and susceptible materials, its content of the resistance sorghum strains was higher than that of susceptible materials and the increase after aphid infected in susceptible materials was obvious.

关 键 词：高粱 理化特性 抗蚜性 

分 类 号：S514[农业科学—作物学]