北京市延庆县慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者的认知情况调查  

Patient＇ s perspective of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Yanqing County of Beijing

作　　者：沈宁[1] 姚婉贞[1] 朱红[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学第三医院呼吸科,100083

出　　处：《中华结核和呼吸杂志》2008年第3期206-208,共3页Chinese Journal of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases

基　　金：国家“十五”科技攻关计划课题（2001BA703B03）

摘　　要：目的了解北京市农村地区COPD患者对疾病的认知情况。方法对北京市延庆县5个自然村40岁以上的1624人进行人户调查，确诊148例COPD患者。采用COPD流行病学调查问卷进行面对面的疾病认知程度调查，评价指标采用百分率。结果按照慢性阻塞性肺疾病全球创议（GOLD）的分级标准，148例患者中Ⅰ级35例（23．6％），Ⅱ级73例（49．3％），Ⅲ级34例（23．0％），Ⅳ级6例（4．1％）。没有人听说过或曾被诊断为COPD，没有人做过肺功能检查，没有人明确知道COPD急性加重的含义和参加过任何形式针对COPD患者的宣传教育活动，仅有6例（4．1％）稳定期患者不规律服用氨茶碱，没有人使用吸入或雾化药物治疗及进行家庭氧疗和康复治疗，急性加重期患者在呼吸困难加重时使用茶碱类药物和抗生素治疗的均为10例（6．8％），1年内仅5例（3．4％）因呼吸道症状住院，70例（47．3％）轻度体力活动受限，37例（25．0％）时常感觉意志消沉、情绪低落，38例（25．7％）影响其社会交往。结论北京市农村地区COPD患者对疾病的认知情况严重不足，稳定期和急性加重期的治疗均不规范，疾病对日常生活的影响较大，应加强对患者的教育和管理。Objective To evaluate the patients＇ comprehension, recognition and burden of COPD in the rural area of Beijing. Methods Of the 1624 people aged more than 40 in 5 villages in Yanqing county of Beijing, 148 were diagnosed to have COPD. Patients＇ comprehension of the disease and COPD control, the medication use, the impact of quality of life, and the experience of exacerbations of COPD were evaluated. Results According to the GOLD standards the disease classification was 23.6% （ 35/148 ）, 49. 3% （73/148）, 23.0% （34/148） and4. 1% （6/148） respectively in stage Ⅰ , stage Ⅱ , stage Ⅲ and stage Ⅳ COPD. None of the 148 COPD patients had ever heard the term COPD, and none of them had been diagnosed COPD. Lung function tests and health education had never been performed for these patients. Only 4. 1% （6/148） of the patients in stable stage took theophylline irregularly. None of the stable COPD patients took inhalers regularly or temporally. No oxygen therapy and pulmonary rehabilitation were done in those patients. During acute exacerbation, only 6. 8% （ 10/148 ） took theophylline and 6. 8% （ 10/148 ） had antibiotics. Only 3.4% （5/148） of the patients had been admitted to hospital during the past year. For the general health status, 4. 1% （6/148） was excellent, 20. 9% （31/148） very good, 26.4% （39/148） good, 27. 7% （41/148） ordinary, 20. 9% （31/148） poor. 47. 3% （70/148） of the patients had limitation of activity. 25.0% （ 37/148 ） had feelings of depression sometimes and 25. 7% （ 38/148 ） had some impacts no their social activity. Conclusion Patients have a poor understanding of COPD in the rural area in Beijing. The management of both stable and exacerbation of COPD was inadequate. COPD appears to have a significant impact on patient activities of daily living and mood. Health education should play an important role in the management of COPD.

关 键 词：肺疾病 阻塞性 认知 疾病恶化 

分 类 号：R686[医药卫生—骨科学]