珠江流域4～9月降水空间分布特征和类型  

THE CHARACTERISTICS OF SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION AND TYPES OF APR. ～SEPT. RAINFALL IN THE PEARL RIVER BASIN

作　　者：刘艳群 陈创买[2] 郑勇 

机构地区：[1]韶关市气象局,广东韶关512026 [2]中山大学大气科学系,广东广州510275

出　　处：《热带气象学报》2008年第1期67-73,共7页Journal of Tropical Meteorology

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目“广东干旱年景预测技术研究”(2005B32601007)

摘　　要：采用珠江流域1954～2003年51站的月降水资料,利用主分量分析方法,研究珠江流域4～9月降水的空间分布特征。分析结果表明:珠江流域4～9月平均降水量在600～1 900 mm之间,最大中心在广东阳江附近,自东南向西北逐渐减小;其标准差分布基本上是从东向西减小,最大变率中心仍然在广东阳江附近。珠江流域4～9月降水存在5种主要分布型态:全区涝(旱)型、南涝(旱)北旱(涝)型、东涝(旱)西旱(涝)型、东西涝(旱)中部旱(涝)型、南和北旱(涝)中部涝(旱)。珠江流域出现全区性涝(旱)和南旱(涝)北涝(旱)的分布型态较多,占总年数的64%。珠江流域夏半年降水场在1983～1992年呈较显著的全区偏旱分布;在1967～1971年前后东涝西旱的分布较显著;在1979年前后中部涝东西旱分布较明显。在1985～1986年前后有南北部涝中部旱分布特征。南涝北旱和南旱北涝分布交错出现,没有明显的集中分布期。Based on rainfall data of 51 stations in April - September in the Pearl River basin during 1954 - 2003, Principal Component Analysis method was applied to research the spatial distribution characteristics of April - September rainfall. The results reveal the following. In the Pearl River basin, there is different precipitation varying from 600 mm to 1 900 mm in April-September and precipitation decreases gradually from southeast to northwest. The standard deviation distribution decreases gradually from east to west on the whole.The rainfall distribution of the Pearl River basin has five main types： Type Ⅰ： there is flood （drought） in the whole region, Type Ⅱ： there is flood （drought） in the north and drought （flood） in the south, Type Ⅲ： there is flood （drought） in the east and drought （flood） in the west, Type Ⅳ： there id flood （drought） in the central part and drought （flood） in the east and west, and Type Ⅴ： there is flood （drought） in center and drought （flood） in north and south. The types of the flood（drought） in the whole region and flood（drought） in the north and drought（flood） in the south appear much more than the others, being 64% of the total. From the 10-year moving average, it is seen that rainfall between April and September in the Pearl River basin region was mainly dry in 1983 - 1992, and mainly dry in the east and wet in the west in 1967 - 1971 and wet in the east and dry in the west in 1979.

关 键 词：主分量分析 4-9月降水 空间分布特征 珠江流域 

分 类 号：P426.6[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]