大鼠变态反应分泌性中耳炎动物模型的建立  

Dynamic Histomorphologic Study of Otitis Media with Effusion Induced by Ovalbumin in Rats

作　　者：刘建治[1] 孔维佳[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院耳鼻咽喉科,湖北武汉430022

出　　处：《武汉大学学报（医学版）》2008年第2期169-171,176,I0004,共5页Medical Journal of Wuhan University

基　　金：福建省卫生厅青年基金资助项目(编号:2006-1-32)

摘　　要：目的:建立卵白蛋白致敏大鼠变态反应OME动物模型,观察致敏原激发后不同时间点的组织细胞形态学、Th2细胞因子IL-5的动态变化。方法:建立卵白蛋白激发变态反应中耳炎大鼠模型,实验动物分为阴性对照组Ⅰ(C1)、阴性对照组Ⅱ(C2)和模型2 d组(M1)5、d组(M2)1、0 d组(M3)。组织学技术观察各组动物组织形态学变化;应用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)方法检测中耳积液中Th2细胞因子IL-5含量的变化。结果:对照组C1、C2鼓室和咽鼓管黏膜基本正常。M1组鼓室和咽鼓管黏膜明显增厚,可见出血、毛细血管扩张和较多炎性细胞浸润等病理改变。M2、M3组炎症病理改变逐渐减轻。IL-5中耳积液的含量模型M1组明显增高,随时间推移,在M2、M3组中逐渐降低(P<0.05)。结论:中耳局部可产生足够的免疫应答引起变态反应性炎症,单次抗原激发引起的变态反应其病理变化呈自限性过程。Objective： To establish a rat model of otitis media with effusion （OME） sensitized and challenged by ovalbumin （OVA） to observe the pathological characteristics and the histomorphologic changes. Methods： Twenty-eight Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups as negative control Ⅰ （C1）, negative control Ⅱ （C2） and model（M） group. The model group was further subdivided into three subgroups including M1, M2 and M3, according to different observing days （2, 5 and 10 d respectively）. Rats from the model group were sensitized to OVA via intraperitoneal injection once a week for two weeks then challenged transbullarly. C1 group were allergic rats but transbullarly injected with PBS and C2 group were nonallergic rats transbullarly injected with OVA. The histomorphologic changes of middle ear mucosa were observed with histochemical technique. The level of IL-4 was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in each model subgroup. Results： Tympanal and Eustachian tube mucosa in M1 group rats thickened significantly. Meanwhile, inflammatory cells infiltrated obviously and blood capillaries dilated evidently and congested under mucosa. Such histological findings were abated to absent in M2 and M3 groups. The level of IL-4 in M1 group rats was higher significantly than that in M2 and M3 group. Conclusion： The middle ear itself was capable of mounting an allergic inflammation and a one-time presentation of allergen brought about a self-limited pathological change.

关 键 词：动物模型 分泌性中耳炎 白细胞介素-5 酶联免疫吸附试验 

分 类 号：R764.21[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]