常用土壤杀菌剂和肥料对绿色木霉菌T23的影响  

Effects of regular soil fungicides and fertilizers on strain T23 of Trichoderma viride

作　　者：高增贵[1] 赵世波[1] 庄敬华[1] 高军[1] 李天来[2] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学植物保护学院,沈阳110161 [2]沈阳农业大学园艺学院,沈阳110161

出　　处：《植物保护学报》2008年第1期74-80,共7页Journal of Plant Protection

基　　金：国家“十一五”科技支撑课题(2006BAD08A06);辽宁省科技攻关项目(2006215004);沈阳农业大学博士后研究项目

摘　　要：采用常规土壤微生物分离和真菌生物量测定等方法,检测6种常用土壤杀菌剂:多菌灵、甲基托布津、福美双、代森锰锌、百菌清和五氯硝基苯;3种肥料:尿素、过磷酸钙和硫酸钾;以及8种营养元素:铜、锌、铁、钼、钙、锰、镁和钾对绿色木霉菌菌株T23菌丝生长、产孢及其在土壤中定殖的影响。不同杀菌剂、肥料和营养元素及其不同处理浓度处理对木霉菌株T23菌丝生长、产孢和定殖的影响差异显著,多菌灵和甲基托布津、尿素、硫酸锌和硫酸镁具有明显的抑制作用,20μg/mL多菌灵、甲基托布津原药对菌株T23菌丝生长抑制率分别为100.0%和79.0%;0.23%尿素处理土壤21天后对根际定殖抑制率为35.6%;100mg/L硫酸锌和1000mg/L硫酸镁处理土壤21天后对木霉菌定殖的抑制率分别为31.1%和15.9%。适量应用代森锰锌、硫酸钾及二钼酸铵、硫酸钙、磷酸二氢钾等有利于木霉菌根际定殖。The effects of six fungicides, including carbendazism, thiophanate-methyl, thiram, mancozeb, chlorothalonil and quintozene, three fertilizers, including carbamide （CO（NH2）2）, calcium superphosphate （Ca（H2PO4）2·H2O）, potassium sulfate （K2SO4） , eight micronutrient elements, including copper, zinc, iron, molybdenum, calcium, manganese, magnesium, and potassium, on mycelium growth and sporulation of strain T23 of Trichoderma viride, and on its colonization in rhizosphere of sweet melon were investigated by means of conventional technics of soil microbial isolation, biomass determination of fungi, etc. The results suggested that significant difference of effects of six fungicides, three fertilizers, eight micronutrient elements, and their treated concentrations existed on mycelium growth, sporulation, rhizosphere colonization of strain T23 of Trichoderma viride, respectively. Carbendazism and thiophanate-methyl, carbamide, zinc sulfate and magnesium sulfate exhibited a stronger inhibition to strain T23. At concentration of 20 μg/mL, two fungicides, carbendazism, thiophanate-methyl, inhibited mycelium growth of strain T23 on PDA plates by 100.0% and 79.0% respectively. At 21 days after adding, carbamide at 0.23% inhibited the rhizosphere colonization of strain T23 by 35.6%. The inhibition rate of 100 mg/L zinc sulfate and 1 000 mg/L magnesium sulfate on colonization of strain T23 in soil was 31.1% and 15.9% , respectively. Rhizosphere colonization of strain T23 were stimulated by adding some amounts of ammonium, calcium sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate to medium or applying mycozob and potassium sulfate to soil.

关 键 词：木霉菌 杀菌剂 肥料 定殖 

分 类 号：S476[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]