单甲脒农药对大豆-土壤系统的生态影响  

ECOLOGICAL EFFECT OF N-(2, 4-DIMETHYLPHENYL)-N-METHYLFORMAMIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE (DMAH) PESTICIDE ON SOYBEAN-SOIL SYSTEM

作　　者：林舜华[1] 高雷明[1] 韩荣庄 黄银晓[1] 项斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院植物研究所,北京100093

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》1997年第2期106-111,共6页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金

摘　　要：研究了单甲脒农药（DMAH）对大豆－土壤系统的生态影响．结果表明：除CK外，5个设置浓度［（DMAH）／mL·L－1］0．25、0．5、2．5、5.0、25均对大豆虫害有不同的防治效果．其中＞2．5时可防治大豆多种虫害；大豆对DMAH稀释液的pH值反应敏感，高浓度处理的叶片因酸度大而出现药害；推荐浓度［（DMAH）＝0．25mL·L－1］，对植株的生长和生理功能有促进作用．可使总生物量及产量分别增加20％左右，且籽粒中农药无残留，土壤农药残留量也小；当处理pH值＜5时会对叶片有伤害．生理功能被抑制，总生物量及产量都不如CK；DMAH在植物器官及土壤都有不同程度的残留量．其中叶残留量大于籽粒及土壤．可以认为，低浓度DMAH处理不会对植物－土壤系统造成污染．Six treatments of DMAH [(DMAH ) /mL·L- 1: 0 (CK ), 0. 25, 0. 5, 2. 5, 5.0, 25]had different degrees of prevention and control effects to soybean insect pests. Soybean had sensitive reation to acidity(pH) of the DMAH dilute sollution. The leaves treated at high concentration showed drug harm because of high acidity. The recomrnended concentration (0. 25 mL·L-1 ) was moderate and could promote plant growth and physiological function. The tota1 biomass and production increased by 20%, respectively. The pesticide was found no residue in seeds and little in soil. The pH of other concentation treatments was below 5. The increasing of acidity was harmful to leaves. Their physiological function was inhibited, both total biomass and production were less than those of CK. There were different degrees of DMAH residues in plant orgnns and soi1,and the residues were higher in 1eaves than in seeds and soil. It is concluded that the low concentration could not produce polluton to plants and soil.

关 键 词：单甲脒农药 大豆-土壤系统 生态影响 

分 类 号：S565.101[农业科学—作物学] S482.3