合肥城区空气真菌浓度的时空分布特征  

Distribution of airborne fungi concentration in Hefei City, Anhui

作　　者：凌琪[1] 王晏平[1] 王莉[1] 舒莹[1] 陶勇[1] 鲍立宁[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽建筑工业学院环境工程系,合肥230022

出　　处：《生物多样性》2008年第2期175-180,共6页Biodiversity Science

基　　金：安徽省重点科研计划项目(07021012);安徽省教育厅自然科学基金(2006KJ108B);安徽建筑工业学院教学改革项目(2006JX4)

摘　　要：研究空气真菌群落结构和分布特征可为制定空气真菌污染防治对策和环境治理提供科学依据。我们于2005年7月至2006年6月,采用仪器采样法分别在居住区、交通干线、中心商业区、公园绿地4个功能区对合肥城区空气中的真菌进行了监测。结果表明,合肥城区空气已受到不同程度的真菌污染。城区空气中共分离得到真菌35个属,优势属为曲霉属(Aspergillus)、青霉属(Penicillium)、毛霉属(Mucor)、根霉属(Rhizopus)、木霉属(Trichoderma)。空气真菌平均浓度为2,744CFU/m3,真菌浓度在居住区、中心商业区、公园绿地3个功能区由早、中、晚逐渐升高;在交通干线中午较高、早晚较低。空气真菌浓度的季节变化在居住区和交通干线不明显,而在中心商业区和公园绿地表现为春秋季较高,夏冬季较低。空气真菌浓度的全年变化在居住区和交通干线不明显,而在中心商业区的4月与10月、公园绿地的4月与9月,空气真菌浓度显著高于全年其他月份。空气真菌浓度分布的时空特征不仅与环境因素、大气污染等因素有关,还受到人类活动和植被等因素的影响。Research on airborne fungi can provide basic data for air pollution control and environmental protection. Between July 2005 and June 2006, we investigated the distribution and spatial and temporal changes of airborne fungi in Hefei City, Anhui Province. The samples were collected at four different sites, including a residential district, a main traffic line, a central business district, and a green park area. Thirty-five airborne fungi genera were identified. Dominant genera included Aspergillus, Penicillium, Mucor, Rhizopus, and Trichoderma. Our results indicated that the air in Hefei was polluted with airborne fungi. In the residential district, central business district and green park area, the airborne fungi concentration increased between morning and evening, while along the main traffic line it peaked at noon. Airborne fungi concentration did not vary seasonally in the residential district or main traffic line; however, in the central business centre and green park area, fungi concentration was higher in spring and autumn than in summer and winter. Airborne fungi concentration was affected not only by air pollution, but also by human activity and vegetation distribution.

关 键 词：空气污染 优势菌属 季节变化 影响因素 

分 类 号：Q938[生物学—微生物学]