斜压大气中台风涡旋自组织的研究  

Typhoon vortices self-organization in a baroclinic environment.

作　　者：滕代高[1] 罗哲贤[1] 李春虎[2] 余晖[3] 代刊[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学气象灾害重点实验室 [2]山东省气象局,济南250031 [3]上海台风研究所,上海200030

出　　处：《气象学报》2008年第1期71-80,共10页Acta Meteorologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40333028);上海台风基金项目(20060601)

摘　　要：文中利用MM5(V3),实施了8个数值试验,对斜压大气中台风涡旋自组织的问题进行了初步研究。结果表明:(1)在试验1中,没有引进一个半径为80km的小涡旋,两个初始分离的半径为500km的轴对称涡旋,一边互旋,一边相互排斥,两个涡旋中心之间的距离不断加大,致使双涡最终分离。(2)在试验2中引进了一个半径为80km的小涡旋,其他条件同试验1,两个初始分离的轴对称涡旋一边互旋,一边相互逼近,经自组织形成了一个由内区和螺旋带组成的类似于台风环流的较大尺度的涡旋。这个结果支持周秀骥在十多年前提出的重要观点,也支持以往在正压框架内的同类研究结果。(3)试验3—8为在前两个试验的基础上取不同初始涡旋参数的敏感性试验,其中,试验3和4为引入小涡旋不同初始位置对台风涡旋自组织的影响,试验5和6为不同初始轴对称双涡间距对台风涡旋自组织的影响,试验7和8反映了不同初始轴对称双涡强度对台风涡旋自组织的作用。它表明对涡旋自组织过程影响最大的涡旋初始参数是涡旋之间的距离,其与正压模式中的结果是类似的。A study is made for typhoon vortices serf-organization in a baroclinic environment based on eight groups of numerical experiments with the fifth generation PSU/NCAR mesoscale numerical model MM5 （ V3 ） in this paper. The main results show that： in Experiment 1, there are only two separated meso-scale axisymmetric vortices with a radius 500 km, and the distance between the two separated meso-scale axisymmetric vortices is 400 km in the initial relative vorticity field. With the increase of model integration time, the two separated meso-scale axisymmetric vortices in initial field mutually exclude each other during the co-rotation, that is to say, the distance between the two initial axisymmetric vortices increases with the model integration time increasing. And finally, the two initial vortices exclude each other to an extent that the distance between them is greater than a critical distance, i.e. co-rotating critical distance, and the two vortices stop to co-rotate. In Experiment 2, there are a small vortex with a radius 80 km between two meso-scale axisymmetric vortices in the initial field and the other initial conditions are kept the same with Experimentl. This dynamic system contains the interactions between vortices of the same and different scales. The two initially separated meso-scale axisymmetric vortices approach each other during their co-rotation, and self-organize into a typhoon-like/larger-scale vortex consisting of an inner core and spiral bands. This result supports both Zhou Xiuji＇s point of view in 1994 and the research results of this kind of previous studies in a barotropic framework. Experiments 3 - 8 are the sensitive experiments of initial vortex parameters based on Experiments 1 and 2. Among them, the effect of different initial positions of the small scale vortex on the typhoon vortex self-organization is tested in Experiments 3 and 4, and the influences of the distance and intensities of the initially axisymmetric binary meso-scale vortices are examined in Experiments 5 and 6, an

关 键 词：自组织 小涡旋 中尺度涡旋 台风涡旋 三维涡 

分 类 号：P458.124[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]