律令与晋令  

Lü-Ling and the Decrees of the Jin Dynasty

作　　者：张泽咸[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院历史研究所 研究员

出　　处：《中华文史论丛》2008年第1期59-87,共29页Journal of Chinese Literature and History

摘　　要：律是定罪判刑的主干，令是约束人们行为的法律分支，对维护古代政权统治有极大的强制力。诏书与敕则是“后主所是”的特权表现。中国自汉至唐，仅有唐律存世，历代法令皆已佚亡。2006年，中华书局出版的北宋天圣令所附唐令，使人们得以窥见部分唐令、宋令的原貌与内容，便利学者对唐、宋令进行新的研究。也有利于加强对历代法令的重新研讨。本文将晋令篇名与历代法令篇名进行对校，发现晋律令不仅对南朝律令影响巨大，而且对以往被学者们所鄙视的北朝北周律令亦有着很重要的影响，从而得以纠正以往过分夸大提高北齐律令对隋唐令决定性作用的不恰当看法。文末解说了晋令产生的社会背景及其作用，认为它受到了时人的赞誉与肯定，是并非偶然的。Lüwas the principle law for sentence,while Ling was a branch on the code of conduct.They were despotic powers for the stability of the central government in ancient times.Issuing imperial edicts, however,was a privilege for the successive emperors.In the long period from Han to Tang,the decrees were hardly passed down except the ones of the Tang Dynasty.In 2006,the publication of the Tiansheng Decrees of the Northern Song by Zhonghua Publishing House offered an opportunity for us to observe the parts of the decrees in the Tang-Song Dynasties.It stimulates a re-study on the ancient laws.With a comparison and proofreading of the chapter names in the decrees of the Jin Dynasty and those of other periods,the author finds out that the decrees of Jin had a full impact not only upon the ones of the Southern Dynasties,but the Northern Zhou.Scholars,however, usually ignored the latter.The conclusion challenges an overstatement that the laws of the Northern Qi Dynasty posed a great influence on the ones of the Sui-Tang period.At last,the social background and functions of the decrees of Jin are discussed.It is believed that the recognition for the decrees at that time was not accidental.

关 键 词：律令 齐律 周律 晋令 诏令 制敕与编敕 律令格式与敕令格式 

分 类 号：K207[历史地理—历史学]