水事活动对洪湖鱼类资源的生态影响  

Ecological impacts of water conservancy activity to fish resources in Honghu Lake

作　　者：朱明勇[1] 王学雷[2] 宁龙梅[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院武汉植物园,湖北武汉430074 [2]中国科学院测量与地球物理所,湖北武汉430077

出　　处：《水资源与水工程学报》2008年第1期32-35,共4页Journal of Water Resources and Water Engineering

基　　金：WWF-HSBC长江项目示范点--洪湖恢复江湖联系的环境与生态影响评价

摘　　要：长江中游两岸绝大多数湖泊自20世纪50年代以来因水利工程建设,先后失去与长江的天然联系而产生一系列的生态问题。以洪湖为例开展江湖阻隔对单个湖泊鱼类资源所产生的生态影响进行研究,结果表明:江湖阻隔导致湖泊渔业生产经营方式改变,野生渔业的产量和在渔业经济结构中的比重不断降低;阻隔后湖泊鱼类品种由20世纪50年代的不下100种下降到现在的49种,其中,天然捕捞渔获物中洄游性和流水型鱼类比重由20世纪50年代初的60%降到现在几近为0,大型经济鱼类减少,鱼类多样性指数下降。因此,江湖阻隔对湖泊渔业具有明显影响。Most of lakes along the Yangtze River were disconnected from the river because of water project construction, which has caused many ecological problems. Here, we have carried through the demonstration study for the ecological impacts of disconnection from the river to fish resources in Honghu Lake. The results have shown that：Fishery mode changed and the rate of wild fishery pro- duction changed from 90 % in 1949 to almost zero at present; Fish species have decreased from more than 100 in 1950s to 49 or so, and the rate of migrant and potamic species decreased to as much as zero nowadays. Therefore, disconnecting lake from Yangtze had significant negative impacts on lake fish resources, which resulted in the decrease of the wild fish diversity in the lake.

关 键 词：江湖阻隔 阻隔湖泊 生态影响 洪湖 

分 类 号：TV213.4[水利工程—水文学及水资源] K928.43[历史地理—人文地理学]