尼罗罗非鱼与萨罗罗非鱼正反杂交后代耐盐性能的杂种优势及其与遗传的相关性的SSR分析  

Heterosis and related genetic analysis by SSR for the salt tolerance of reciplrocal hybrids between Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and blackchin tilapia(Sarotherodon melanotheron)

作　　者：李思发[1] 颜标[1] 蔡完其[1] 李腾云[1] 荚金华 张艳红 

机构地区：[1]上海水产大学农业部水产种质资源与养殖生态重点开放实验室,上海200090 [2]中捷罗非鱼良种场,河北沧州061108

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2008年第2期189-197,共9页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划专题-罗非鱼耐盐新品种选育(2006BAD01A1203)

摘　　要：对尼罗罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)♀×萨罗罗非鱼(Sarotherodon melanotheron)♂(F2)、萨罗罗非鱼♀×尼罗罗非鱼♂(F2)、尼罗罗非鱼、萨罗罗非鱼4个遗传型群体的耐盐性实验表明:(1)4个遗传型群体的平均成活时间(MST)、50%成活时间(ST50)以及96h半数致死浓度(MLS-96)由高到低依次为:萨罗、萨罗×尼罗(F2)、尼罗×萨罗(F2)、尼罗,死亡率与盐度具有显著的回归关系(P<0.05);(2)两个杂交种超越尼罗的超亲杂种优势值(HN)表现为正值,超越萨罗的超亲杂种优势值(HS)表现为负值,说明它们的耐盐力都超过了尼罗,但都未超过萨罗;(3)尼罗×萨罗(F2)的平均杂种优势值(HM)表现为负值,萨罗×尼罗(F2)的HM除其MLS-96表现为负值,其MST和ST50均为正值,说明萨罗×尼罗(F2)的耐盐性能略优于尼罗×萨罗(F2)。对尼罗×萨罗(F2)、萨罗×尼罗(F2)、尼罗×萨罗(F1)、萨罗×尼罗(F1)、尼罗、萨罗6个遗传型群体的SSR分析发现:(1)有效等位基因数(Ne)、平均遗传杂合度(He)及多态信息含量(PIC)3项指标一致,表明F1遗传多样性比亲本增强2/3左右,这与杂交种的基因重组有关;F2又比F1增强1/10左右,初步认为这与F2的遗传分化有关;(2)引物Os-64和Os-75仅在尼罗、尼罗×萨罗(F1)及尼罗×萨罗(F2)中扩增出条带,表现出强烈的尼罗母系遗传;引物Os-25和IGF仅在萨罗、萨罗×尼罗(F1)及萨罗×尼罗(F2)中扩增出条带,表现出强烈的萨罗母系遗传,这4条引物可作为判别杂交鱼母本来源的遗传标记。Part one： By using 4 genotype tilapias [Oreochromis niloticus×Sarotherodon melanotheron （F2）, Sarotherodon melanotheron × Oreochromis niloticus （F2） , Oreochromis niloticus and Sarotherodon melanotheron], a comparitive study was conducted for the trait of salt tolerance.The results showed that： （1） The MST, ST50 and MLS-96 of above 4 genotypes ranked as： S. melanotheron 〉 S. melanotheron × O. niloticus （F2） 〉 O. niloticus × S. melanotheron （F2） 〉 O. niloticus. There is a significant regression relationship between mortality and salinity in all the 4 genotypes （P〈0.05）. （2） As for the surpass parent heterosis value vs Nile （HN） , both reciplocal hybrids value showed positive but the value vs blackchin （HS） showed negative. It indicated that the salt tolerance of both hybrids exceed that of Nile, but not the blackchin. （3） As the average heterosis value （HM）, in Nile × blackchin （F2） all three salt tolerant indices were negative, but in blackchin × Nile （F2） the MST and ST50 were positive, except for MLS-96. It indicated that the salt tolerance of blackchin × Nile （F2） slightly surpassed Nile × blackchin（F2）. Part two： Through SSR analysis for the above 4 genotypes, and other two genotypes （reciplocal F1）, it was found that： （1） For effective allele number （Ne）, average heterozygosity （He） and polymorphism information content （PIC）, F1 all increased by 2/3 compared with parents, which was due to the recombination of genes, and F2 increased by 1/10 compared with F1 again, which could be related with the genetic differentiation from F1 to F2. （2） The amplified bands by primers Os-64 and Os-75 were only found in Nile, Nile × black （F1） and （F2） , showing a strong heredity from the female parent Nile： on the other side, the amplified bands by primers Os-25 and IGFs were found in blackchin, blackchin × Nile （F1） and （F2） , showing a strong heredity from the female parent blackchin： this cha

关 键 词：尼罗罗非鱼 萨罗罗非鱼 正反交杂种 耐盐 杂种优势 SSR 

分 类 号：S917[农业科学—水产科学]