汞离子天然吸附剂  

Natural Sorbents for Mercury-Ion Removal

作　　者：李新贵[1] 封皓[1] 黄美荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学材料学院先进土木工程材料教育部重点实验室材料化学研究所,上海200092

出　　处：《化学进展》2008年第2期233-238,共6页Progress in Chemistry

摘　　要：汞离子是现代工业中剧毒的污染物之一,研究者致力于汞离子高效吸附剂的研制已有多年。本文基于国内外最新研究文献,系统论述了汞离子天然吸附剂如壳聚糖、矿物、微生物及其改性材料等的吸附性能,并详细比较了各种吸附剂的优缺点,指出天然吸附剂来源广泛、价格便宜,尤其是修饰后的壳聚糖吸附性能甚至可以和一些合成吸附剂相媲美。在所报道的天然吸附剂中,引入巯基后的戊二醛交联壳聚糖,对初始浓度为500 mg/L的汞离子的吸附容量可达1 604.7mg/g,属已知的汞离子天然吸附剂中之最。天然汞离子吸附剂在工业废水处理中显示出了广阔的应用前景。Mercury ion is one of the extremely toxic pollutants in the modem industry. For many years researchers have been focusing on development of highly efficient sorbents for the removal of mercury ions. The sorption characteristics of natural sorbents for mercuric removal, such as chitosan, clay minerals, microorganisms, and their modified materials are systematically reviewed in this work based on recent research progress. The advantages and disadvantages of individual sorbents have also been discussed and compared in detail. It is pointed out that the natural sorbents axe readily available with a low cost, and particularly, the sorption capacity of the chemically modified chitosan is even comparable to those of synthetic sorbents. Among the natural sorbents ever reported, the glutaraldehyde- crosslinked chitosan with thiol groups exhibits the maximal sorption capacity of 1 604.7mg/g when treating the mercury ions at an initial concentration of 500 mg/L. Natural sorbents show a promising application potential for the removal of mercury ions from industrial wastewaters.

关 键 词：天然吸附剂 改性材料 壳聚糖 汞离子 

分 类 号：O647.33[理学—物理化学] X131.2[理学—化学]