森林灾害和林业事故分类及其成因分析  

Classification of Forest Calamities and Forestry Accidents and Analysis of the Causes

作　　者：米锋[1] 陈梅生[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学经济管理学院,北京100083

出　　处：《广东林业科技》2007年第6期77-81,共5页Forestry Science and Technology of Guangdong Province

基　　金：北京市园林绿化局科研资助项目"北京地区森林资源损失计量研究"(2002-06)

摘　　要：文章按照成因对森林资源造成损害的各种灾害和事故进行分类,划分为自然灾害、环境灾害和人为事故。并重点研究了其中较为常见的灾害或事故对森林造成损害的现象及其成因。结论认为:经济利益的驱动是森林灾害和林业事故发生的根本因素。森林火灾发生的主要原因是人们不当的生产性活动;森林病虫鼠害发生的根本原因是森林生态系统的破坏,而这正是由于在人工造林中只注重了单一树种、单一经营目标的经济效益,而忽视了森林的生态效益和社会效益造成的;对林木的乱砍滥伐则更直接地表明了经济利益的驱动是灾害发生的根本原因。In this article, according to different causes, classification of calamities and accidents leading to forest reserves losses are natural calamities, environmental calamities and man-made accident. It is elaborated how common disasters or accidents damage forests and is attributed to the urge for economic interests. First, the main reason of forest fire is human improper mode of production. Second, the damaged forest eco-system is the essential reason of plant diseases and insect or mouse pests, as a result of planting the simple kind of trees, pursuing the simple economic benefit but not ecological and social one. Finally and more directly, felling trees illegally indicates that the main reason of calamities is the urge for economic interests.

关 键 词：森林灾害和林业事故 灾害分类 成因分析 经济利益 

分 类 号：S761[农业科学—森林保护学]