陇东紫花苜蓿生态特征及水分利用率研究  

The ecological characters and water use efficiency of Longdong alfalfa

作　　者：郭海英[1] 万信[1] 杨兴国[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所中国气象局干旱气候变化与减灾开放实验室甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室

出　　处：《草业科学》2008年第3期51-55,共5页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：西北地区干旱监测系统研究(CMA7J2005M22);中国气象局科技扶贫项目(紫花苜蓿"金皇后"引种试验;示范;推广)

摘　　要：通过分析陇东紫花苜蓿Medicag sativa在原产地陇东栽植的生物物候与热量条件的关系,鲜、干质量与水分利用率随生长年限的变化特征,以及地上生长量和地下生长量在生长年的变化特征,认为陇东紫花苜蓿在陇东塬区完成3个生长周期从气候角度来说是不可能的。陇东紫花苜蓿随着生长年限的延长,鲜、干质量和水分利用率等要素各年逐茬增加,现蕾期前后是紫花苜蓿产量形成的关键时期。陇东紫花苜蓿生长前3年,地下生长高峰期出现在第2年第2茬生长发育期间。夏季根生长比秋季活跃,秋季主、侧根直径的增长较缓慢。陇东紫花苜蓿不但适宜原产地陇东地区栽植,在西北区域属于优质品种。但该品种干草率较低,适宜青饲,应以生产鲜草带动当地畜牧业发展为主,不宜作为当地商用草产业发展的当家品种。In this paper, The relationship between biology phenospectrum and temperature of Longdong alfalfa, the change characters of fresh and growth years, and the change characters of gro dry wth weight and water use efficiency with the add of mass of up-ground and underground in growth years were analyzed. It is suggested that it is impossible for Longdong alfalfa to finish three growth periods in Longdong Yuan according to climate conditions. The fresh and dry weight and water use efficiency increased year after year. Budding period was the key time affecting yield formation. During the first three years of growth periods, the highest growth period of underground growth appeared after the second cutting in the second year. Root grew more in summer than in autumn, taproot and lateral root diameter increased very slowly in autumn. The result indicates that Longdong alfalfa is not only climatically preferable for planting in Longdong area, but also a good variety in north-east China. However, the ratio of mf/md is high; therefore, it is favorable to be bred as green forage cultivars for developing the local livestock industry, not a main cultivar for developing forage industry.

关 键 词：紫花苜蓿 生态 水分利用率 

分 类 号：S541.9[农业科学—作物学]