青藏高原东部山地农牧区生计与耕地利用模式  

Livelihood Diversification and Cropland Use Pattern in Agro-pastoral Mountainous Region of the Eastern Tibetan Plateau

作　　者：张丽萍[1] 张镱锂[1] 阎建忠[1] 吴莹莹[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101 [2]西南大学资源与环境学院,重庆400716

出　　处：《地理学报》2008年第4期377-385,共9页Acta Geographica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40471009;40601006);国家重点基础研究发展计划(2005CB422006)~~

摘　　要：利用分层随机抽样、参与式农村评估及其工具、地块调查、数理统计等方法,对63个农户、272个地块进行了系统的调查与取样,研究了青藏高原东部山地农牧区金川县克尔马村的生计多样化与耕地利用模式。结果表明:①不同类型农户的生计策略选择、组合及收入不同,生计多样化,引入并扩大非农活动是当地生计策略的发展趋势,但不利的自然环境和社会经济条件以及农户自身素质共同影响了生计和土地利用的可持续性;②各种生计策略对土地利用的影响不同,主要影响土地利用类型和土地利用集约化水平;③以非农活动为主的生计多样化可能是该区构建可持续生计的核心,同时也是实现土地可持续利用的根本途径。This study examined livelihood diversification and cropland use pattern in Keerma village, located in Jinchuan County, eastern Tibetan Plateau. Through stratified random sampling survey, participatory rural appraisal, investigation of households＇ plots and statistical methods, 63 households and 272 cropland plots were systemically investigated and sampled. The results show： （1） Different types of households have variety livelihood strategies, portfolio and income. Livelihood diversification and introducing and expanding off-farm activities can be the future trend, whereas, adverse natural environment, social-economic conditions and peasants＇ capabilities together affect sustainable livelihoods and land use. （2） Each livelihood strategy has its own impact on land use, mainly affecting land use type and land use intensification level. （3） Diversification into off-farm activities could be the key of building sustainable livelihoods and the essential approach to the realization of sustainable land use in the region.

关 键 词：农户 生计多样化 非农就业 土地利用 青藏高原 

分 类 号：F327[经济管理—产业经济]