基于多层协作机制的人员疏散模拟研究  

Multi-level collaboration-based simulation of crowd evacuation

作　　者：唐方勤[1] 史文中[2] 任爱珠[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学土木工程系,北京100084 [2]香港理工大学建设与地政学院,中国香港

出　　处：《清华大学学报（自然科学版）》2008年第3期325-328,332,共5页Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology)

摘　　要：为加强疏散模拟的真实性,在充分研究疏散复杂性的基础上,提出了基于多层协作机制的疏散模拟方案。分别采用智能体模型、地理信息系统模型和元胞自动机模型对人员描述层、建筑环境层与驱动转换层等功能层次进行了构建。各层次在实现自身功能的同时交互协作,达到整体功能的优化。模型较好地反映了建筑布局特征与人员疏散行为特征,实现了元胞状态的动态描述与记录,具有多层协作机制良好的扩展性。模拟结果与实测值和经验公式值相比较,符合较好。The authenticity of evacuation simulations is improved by using multi-level collaboration mechanism based on research of evacuation complexities. An agent model is used for the occupant description, a geographical information system model is used for the architectural environment, and a cellular automata model is used for the drive and conversion. The levels collaborate to optimize system functionality. The evacuation model has good expansibility of the multi-level collaboration mechanism, fully reflects the characteristics of the architectural plan and the human evacuation behavior, and is able to represent and record real-time states for all cells. The simulation results agree well with experimental data and empirically estimated values.

关 键 词：消防 多层协作机制 智能体模型 地理信息系统 元胞自动机模型 

分 类 号：TU998.1[建筑科学—市政工程]