1985-2005年广州市7岁以下儿童体格发育调查分析  

An analysis on physical development of children under 7 in Guangzhou during 1985-2005

作　　者：林穗方[1] 周燕燕[1] 曾芳玲[1] 胡艳[1] 蒋琳[1] 

机构地区：[1]广州市妇婴医院,510180

出　　处：《实用医学杂志》2008年第5期845-847,共3页The Journal of Practical Medicine

摘　　要：目的:分析掌握广州市7岁以下儿童生长发育的规律,为保健、临床及科研工作提供儿童体格发育参考数据,为制定干预措施提供准确依据。方法:选择1985、1995年广州市7岁以下儿童体格发育调查所选的调查点进行调查,按年龄组距要求随机整群抽样0～7岁广州市户籍汉族健康儿童,进行体格发育测量和自编问卷调查,采用描述性统计分析、t检验、逐步回归法进行资料分析。结果:1985-2005年广州市儿童的身高、体重呈现持续增长趋势。经过20年的追赶,我市儿童身高体重已达到世界平均水平,并且城区儿童身高体重已达到美国NCHS/WHO身高体重标准,郊区儿童在8个月以前达美国NCHS/WHO身高体重标准,但8个月以后则低于美国NCHS/WHO身高体重标准。以stepwise逐步回归法进行营养相关因素多重回归分析,最后进入方程变量为独立进食、定时进餐、固定位置进餐,奶瓶喂辅食频率。结论:目前广州市儿童体格发育仍处于加快上升阶段,但仍存在城乡、南北差别,环境因素如家庭经济收入、父母文化、喂养行为是儿童体格发育的主要影响因素,因此今后要加强科学喂养知识宣传,重视儿童饮食技能习惯培养,重点是农村地区,以保证儿童营养,促进儿童生长潜能的发挥。Objective To provide the reference data for health care and clinical and scientific research by investigating the physical growth and development in children under 7 in Guangzhou. Methods A survey of the physical development in children under 7 was conducted at the same sites where the similar investigation was carried out separately in 1985 and 1995. The healthy Han children aged 0 - 7 yrs were selected by cluster sampling. Data were collected through the measurement of physical development and self-designed questionnaires and then were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, and multiple regression. Results The body height and weight of children in Guangzhou increased constantly from 1985 through 2005, having been reached to the world＇s average level. The urban children reached the NCHS/WHO standards for height and weight, so did the rural children younger than 8 months ; those older than 8 months, however, were behind the standards. The nutrition-related factors were analyzed using stepwise regression and the final variants entering the equation were independent eating, regular eating, eating in a fixed place, and supplemental feeding with the nursing bottle. Conclusion A rapid rise in the physical development of children in Guangzhou is maintained presently but there are differences between urban and rural areas and also between the southeru and the northern. Family income, parents＇ education level, and feeding behavior are the major factors influencing physical development. We should enhance the propaganda on scientific feeding and pay more attention to cultivation of child＇s eating habits, especially in the rural areas, to ensure enough nutritional intake for physical development.

关 键 词：儿童 身高 体重 生长发育 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]