雷电在水平导体中产生感应电压的观测及数值模拟研究  

Observation of the lightning-induced voltage in the horizontal conductor and its simulation

作　　者：杨静[1] 郄秀书[2] 王建国[3] 赵阳[1] 张其林[1] 袁铁[1] 周筠珺[1] 冯桂力[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,兰州730000 [2]中国科学院大气物理研究所,北京100029 [3]武汉大学电气工程学院,武汉430072

出　　处：《物理学报》2008年第3期1968-1975,共8页Acta Physica Sinica

基　　金：国家杰出青年科学基金(批准号:40325013);中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向性项目(批准号:KZCX2-YW-206);国家自然科学基金(批准号:40675008)资助的课题~~

摘　　要：对自然雷电的9次回击过程在水平导体上产生的感应电压特征进行了分析,并利用数值模拟分析了各种参量对感应电压的影响.自然雷电9次回击在导体上产生的感应电压的变化范围为4.6—18.6kV,平均值为11.2kV.感应电压的半峰值宽度和下降时间的几何平均值分别为0.87和2.9μs.数值模拟结果表明,回击在导体两端产生的感应电压随回击速度的增加而增大,随导体高度的增加而增大.当导体两端的接地电阻匹配时,感应电压随电阻的增加而增大,但并不满足线性关系.当导体两端的接地电阻不匹配时,高电阻端的感应电压远大于低电阻端的感应电压,所以良好的接地可以有效地减小雷电在导体上产生的感应电压.Characteristics of induced voltage in a horizontal conductor due to a natural lightning with 9 dart leader/return stroke sequence were analyzed. Effect of various parameters on the induced voltage was examined by numerical simulation. The induced voltage varied from a minimum of 4.6 kV to a maximum of 18.6 kV with a geometric mean of 11.2 kV. The geometric mean of the half-peak width and the down time of the induced voltage was 0.87 and 2.9μs, respectively. The simulated results showed that the induced voltage on both ends of the horizontal conductor would increase with increasing return stroke velocity and also increase with increasing height of the horizontal conductor. The voltage would also increase with increasing of the matched grounding impedances on both ends of the horizontal conductor but the relationship was nonlinear. The induced voltage at the higher impedance end was much larger than that at the lower impedance one provided that the impedances at both ends were not matched, which indicates that good grounding can decrease effectively the induced voltage along the conductor.

关 键 词：感应电压 自然雷电 数值模拟 水平导体 

分 类 号：O441.1[理学—电磁学]