A robust watermarking algorithm based on significant-tree in Contourlet domain  

作　　者：段贵多 Li Jianping Huang Tianxi 

机构地区：[1]School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P.R. China [2]International Centre for Wavelet Analysis and Its Applications, Logistical Engineering University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China [3]No. 52 Research Institute of China Electronics Technology Group Corporation, Hangzhou 310012, P.R. China

出　　处：《High Technology Letters》2008年第1期67-71,共5页高技术通讯（英文版）

基　　金：the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(No.2003AA148040);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.10471151,60216263,6990312)

摘　　要：An adaptive algorithm operating in the Contourlet domain is presented. Contourlet is a new image sparse representation, which is better than a wavelet for piecewise smooth images with smooth contours. Because of flexible multiresolution, local and directional sensitivity of Contourlet transform, our approach also defines significant-tree in the Contourlet domain. By analyzing the relation of the Contourlet coefficients, we embed the watermarking into all the coefficients of each significant-tree. Then referring to the statistical properties of the coefficients, the masking characteristics of texture are defined for adaptively controlling the embedding strength. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is highly robust to various attacks, such as JPEG compression, medium filtering, cropping and rotation. Furthermore, comparisons with a classical method in the wavelet domain prove the validity of the new algorithm.An adaptive algorithm operating in the Contourlet domain is presented.Contourlet is a new imagesparse representation,which is better than a wavelet for piecewise smooth images with smooth contours.Because of flexible muhiresolution,local and directional sensitivity of Contourlet transform,our approachalso defines significant-tree in the Contourlet domain.By analyzing the relation of the Contourlet coeffi-cients,we embed the watermarking into all the coefficients of each significant-tree.Then referring to thestatistical properties of the coefficients,the masking characteristics of texture are defined for adaptivelycontrolling the embedding strength.Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is highly robustto various attacks,such as JPEG compression,medium filtering,cropping and rotation.Furthermore,comparisons with a classical method in the wavelet domain prove the validity of the new algorithm.

关 键 词：CONTOURLET sparse representation significant-tree masking characteristics 

分 类 号：TP309.7[自动化与计算机技术—计算机系统结构]