梨20个品种S基因型的鉴定及新S-RNases基因的克隆  

Identification of 20 S-genotypes and Cloning Novel S-RNases in Pyrus

作　　者：衡伟[1] 张绍铃[1] 方成泉[2] 吴华清[1] 吴俊[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学园艺学院,南京210095 [2]中国农业科学院果树研究所,辽宁兴城125100

出　　处：《园艺学报》2008年第3期313-318,共6页Acta Horticulturae Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30671437);国家‘863’计划项目(2006AA100108-2-3-4A)

摘　　要：为了鉴定我国梨品种和一些野生类型个体的S基因型,应用S-RNases特异PCR扩增、克隆和测序,对其S-RNases基因核苷酸序列进行分析,鉴定了20个梨品种和野生类型个体的S基因型。起源于我国的‘奥连’(SpS32)、‘吊蛋’(SdSe)、‘沙疙瘩’(S36Sd)品种和杏叶梨的一个类型(S22Sc)个体中存在西洋梨的S-RNases基因,证明S-RNases基因分化是在东方梨种群和西方梨种群的各个种形成之前。在秋子梨‘麦梨’、‘内蒙古山梨’中发现了2个新S-RNases基因,命名为S40-、S41-RNase(DQ903313、DQ988687)。S40-和S41-RNase基因推导的部分氨基酸序列分别与苹果属S11-和S6-RNase的同源性为100%和94.4%,这表明S-RNases的存在可能在梨属和苹果属形成之前。To identify S-genotypes of pear cultivars or a few types of wild species native to China, S-RNase specific PCRs were used. After cloning and sequencing of PCR products, the S-genotypes of 20 cuhivars or wild species individuals were determined. Subsequent sequence analysis showed that ＇ Aolian＇ （SPS32） from Pyrus sinkiangensis Yu, ＇ Diaodan＇ （ SdSe） from P. phaeocarpa Rehd. , ＇ Shageda＇ （ S36Sd） from P. xerophila Yu and one type of Xingyeli （S22Sc） originated from China shared some S-RNases with species from P. communis, which provided with evidence that S-RNase alleles occurred before the divergence of oriental and occidental pear. Two novel S-RNases were also discovered in ＇ Maili＇ and ＇ Neimenggu Shanli＇ in P. ussuriensis, and deposited as S40-, S41-RNase under the accession numbers of DQ903313 and DQ988687, respectively, whose deduced amino acid sequences showed high similarities to S11-RNase （ 100% ） and S6-RNase （94. 4% ） in Malus, respectively. The high similar score between S-RNase in Pyrus and Malus indicated that S-RNase existence predated the speciation between Pyrus and Malus.

关 键 词：梨 自交不亲和性 S基因型 S-RNases基因 

分 类 号：S661.2[农业科学—果树学]