西南地区10种野生树莓的染色体数与核型研究  

Chromosome Numbers and Karyotypes of 10 Wild Bramble (Rubus L.) Species from Southwest of China

作　　者：王小蓉[1] 汤浩茹[1] 付华清[1] 罗娅[1] 邓群仙 董晓莉[1] 李玲[1] 段娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学林学园艺学院,四川雅安625014

出　　处：《园艺学报》2008年第3期343-350,共8页Acta Horticulturae Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30671454);四川省教育厅项目(2004A025)

摘　　要：采用常规根尖压片法对西南地区的10种(变种)野生树莓染色体数和核型进行研究。结果表明,除寒莓Rubus buergeri 2n=8x=56,光滑高粱泡R.lambertianus var.glaber、大乌泡R.multibracteatus和川莓R.setchuenensis 2n=4x=28以及茅莓R.parvifolius2n=2x=14、2n=3x=21和2n=4x=28与2n=2x=14外,其余5种(变种)的染色体数均为2n=2x=14;核型结果表明除栽秧泡R.ellipticus var.obcor-datus核型分类为2A外,其余均为1A类型,它们的核型公式是:红泡刺藤R.niveus,2n=2x=14=14m;栽秧泡R.ellipticusvar.obcordatus,2n=2x=14=12m(2SAT)+2sm(2SAT);茅莓,2n=2x=14=14m(2SAT)、2n=3x=21=21m(3SAT)和2n=4x=28=24m+4sm(4SAT)与2n=2x=14=12m+2sm(2SAT);秀丽莓R.amabilis,2n=2x=14=12m(2SAT)+2sm;插田泡R.coreanus,2n=2x=14=14m(2SAT)和2n=2x=14=14m;山莓R.corchorifolius,2n=2x=14=14m;光滑高粱泡,2n=4x=28=24m+4sm;大乌泡,2n=4x=28=24m+4sm;川莓,2n=4x=28=28m;寒莓,2n=8x=56=56m。栽秧泡和秀丽莓2个种(变种)的染色体数、茅莓存在二倍体与四倍体的混倍体类型以及红泡刺藤、栽秧泡、秀丽莓、山莓、光滑高粱泡、大乌泡、川莓和寒莓8个种(变种)的核型为首次报道。Chromosome numbers and karyotypes of 10 wild bramble （Rubus L. ） species （varieties） from Southwest of China had been studied by using common root-tip squashing method. The results showed that they were all diploidy with 2n = 2x = 14, but R. buergeri with 2n = 8x = 56, R. lambertianus var. glaber, R. multibracteatus and R. setchuenensis with 2n =4x =28, and R. parvifolius with a ploidy series of 2n =2x = 14, 2n = 3x = 21 and the mixoploid of 2n = 4x = 28 and 2n = 2x = 14. The results showed also that all the karyotypes belonged to ＂1A＂ type, but ＂2A＂ type in R. ellipticus var. obcordatus, their karyotype formulae were as follows： R. niveus, 2n =2x = 14 = 14m; R. ellipticus var. obcordatus, 2n -2x = 14 = 12m （2SAT） ＋2sm （2SAT）; R. parvifolius, 2n=2x=14=14m （2SAT）, 2n=3x=21=21m （3SAT）, 2n=4x=28= 24m ＋4sm （4SAT） and 2n =2x = 14 = 12m ＋2sm （2SAT） ; R. amabilis, 2n =2x = 14 = 12m （2SAT） ＋ 2sm; R. coreanus, 2n =2x = 14 = 14m （2SAT） and 2n =2x = 14 = 14m; R. corchorifolius, 2n =2x = 14 = 14m ; R. lambertianus var. glaber, 2n = 4x = 28 = 24m ＋ 4sm ; R. multibracteatus, 2n = 4x = 28 = 24m ＋ 4sm; R. setchuenensis, 2n =4x =28 =28m; R. buergeri, 2n =8x =56 =56m. Among them, it was reported firstly that the chromosome numbers of two species R. ellipticus var. obcordatus and R. amabilis, the mixo-ploid forms of 2x and 4x in R. parvifolius and karyotypes of the 8 species R. niveus, R. ellipticus var. obcordatus , R. amabilis , R. corchorifolius , R. lambertianus var. glaber , R. multibracteatus , R. setchuenensis and R. buergeri.

关 键 词：树莓 染色体 混倍体 核型 

分 类 号：S663.2[农业科学—果树学]