丁香属植物叶片表皮形态特征与环境适应及系统学关联  

Characteristics of Leaf Epidermis of Syringa and the Association with Their Environmental Adaptation and Systematics

作　　者：高艳[1] 崔洪霞[1] 石雷[1] 曲延英[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院植物研究所,北京100093 [2]新疆农业大学农学院,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2008年第3期475-484,共10页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30570175);中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目植物园专项项目(KSCX2-YW-Z-059);中国科学院重要方向性项目(KZCX2-YW-414)

摘　　要：通过对丁香属内2组4系1亚属的7种野生种质的叶片表皮形态特征比较,分析了它们在系(亚属)水平上的环境适应机制差异及其与系统学的关联。结果表明:广域分布的暴马丁香(拟女贞亚属)和华北紫丁香(欧丁香系)的叶片表皮的蜡质纹饰呈中心条纹状和放射状排列且较厚,表皮细胞体积较小,气孔小型化且密度高,它们比其余5个区域分布种显示出更强的适应性环境响应能力;与自然光照环境下相比较,羽叶丁香在林下遮荫光环境下的表皮细胞体积变大,叶片气孔密度减少,气孔开张度增大,而气孔开张的变化只发生在气孔的纬向宽度上,而气孔长轴相对稳定;从气孔器类型、蜡质纹饰、表皮细胞形态及垂周壁特征看,暴马丁香和华北紫丁香明显带有较为进化的特征,羽叶丁香系、巧玲花系和顶生花序系可能具有较近的亲缘关系。Leaf epidermic traits of seven wild germplasms subjected to four series and one subgenus of Syringa were observed. Meanwhile,the differences in their adaptive responses were compared and the linking to systematics was discussed at the epidermis level. The results showed that the cosmopolitan of S. amurensis （Subgenus Ligustina） and S. oblata （Ser. Vulgares） presented more structural adaptation compared with the other five species. For example, they had more thick waxiness and their wax ornamentation was center barred and radiate respectively. The cell size was small reversely, stomatal miniaturization and the density was high. The comparison on responsive difference special for S. pinnatifolia between heterogeneous light habitats showed that the individuals grown in shading have smaller stomatal density,larger stomatal opening and larger epidermal cell size than those in the natural illumination. The stomatal long axes was relatively unchangeable wherever they were planted and the stomatal opening extent only attributed to the variety in latitudinal width of stomata. Some systematic evidences were also supplemented depending on the integrative analysis of stomatal apparatus, wax ornamentation, morphology of epidermal cell and anticlinal wall. It implied that S. amurensis and S. oblata are evolved species and Ser. Pinnatifoliae, Ser. Pubescentes and Ser. Villosae have more closely systematic relationships.

关 键 词：丁香 叶片解剖形态 适应 演化 

分 类 号：Q944.56[生物学—植物学]