三工河流域地貌形态要素及其对环境的影响  

Landform morphological factors and their impact on environment of the Sangong River Basin

作　　者：付强[1] 杨发相[1] 岳健[1] 于梅艳[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所

出　　处：《干旱区地理》2008年第2期222-228,共7页Arid Land Geography

基　　金：国家科技基础条件平台(2004DKA20180-08-B之0511071)课题资助

摘　　要：地貌是地球表层系统中最重要的组成要素之一,并在一定程度上控制着其他生态与环境因子的分布与变化。在干旱区地貌对环境的影响更严重,是流域环境变化与区域发展研究不可忽略的因素。运用GIS的空间分析功能,在Arc GIS软件中对三工河流域DEM数据进行处理,得到海拔高度、坡度、坡向、地势起伏度四个地貌形态要素图,经过统计分析得出:海拔<1 000 m的低海拔地区占整个流域面积的61.34%;坡度平缓的地区(≤3°)占整个流域总面积的57.06%;西北坡向面积占整个流域总面积的26.62%;地势起伏度<20 m占整个流域面积的39.73%。利用GIS技术对流域地貌形态特征进行定量分析,并结合ETM卫星影象、野外调查,探讨地貌形态要素对环境的影响,为深入分析地貌环境特征对环境的影响奠定了基础。Landform, one of the most important elements of the earth surface layer system, controls the change of the ecological and environmental elements to a certain extent. In arid areas, it is the element that can not be ignored in the study of basin environmental change and regional development. The Sangong River Basin is located on the north slope of the Tianshan Mountains, to the south edge of the Junggar Basin and within the scope of Fukang County. There are three rivers in this basin： the Sangong River, Sigong River and Shuimogou River. This paper taking the Sangong River Basin as the study area creates special maps of elevation, slope, aspect and hypsography of the Sangong River Basin and analyses all of them based on GIS. The results show that： 61.34% of the total study area is low-lying （elevation 〈 1000 m） , 57.06% of the total study area is gentle sloping （slope ≤ 3°）, 53.81% of the total study area is towards the north and 39.73% of the total study area is plain （ hypsography 〈 20 m）. This paper analyzes the landform morphological character quantitatively in the river basin based on GIS, and discusses the impact of landform morphological factors on the environment combined with ETM satellite images and field investigations, and makes a base for further analyzing the effect of landform on ecological environment.

关 键 词：地貌形态要素 环境影响 GIS技术 三工河流域 

分 类 号：P931.1[天文地球—自然地理学]