哺乳期幼麝的摄食时间分配研究  

Feeding Time Budgets of Musk Deer (Moschus berezovskii) Fawns During Lactation

作　　者：徐正强[1] 姜海瑞[1] 陆厚基[1] 徐宏发[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学生命科学学院

出　　处：《四川动物》2008年第2期189-192,共4页Sichuan Journal of Zoology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30370222和30540055);“211工程”上海市重点实验室;上海城市化生态过程及恢复生态学重点实验室资助

摘　　要：采用所有事件取样法对哺乳期林麝Moschus berezorskii幼体的摄食时间分配进行研究。结果表明,幼麝吮乳时间随周龄的增加而减少,取食固体饲料(青饲料和混合饲料)的摄食时间随周龄的增加而增加。1月龄中,吮乳时间占总摄食时间的90.8%,青饲料占9.2%。2月龄和3月龄中,幼麝取食固体饲料时间分别占总摄食时间的84.7%和94.9%,吮乳时间分别占15.3%和5.1%。哺乳期雌性幼麝取食母乳、山芋藤和桑叶的时间明显高于雄性幼麝(P<0.05),而取食精饲料、苦荬菜时间与雄性幼麝无明显差异(P>0.05);单胎幼麝吮乳、取食山芋藤时间明显高于双胎幼麝(P<0.05);而取食精饲料、苦荬菜时间明显低于双胎幼麝(P<0.05),两者取食桑叶时间差异性不显著(P>0.05)。幼麝的摄食时间分配表明,母乳是1月龄幼麝的主要食物成分;2月龄以后,幼麝大量取食固体饲料,母乳在食物组成中退居次要作用。幼麝间吮乳时间的差异反映了不同个体间营养状况的差异。The feeding time budgets of musk deer Moschus berezovskii in captivity were assessed by all-occurrence sampling. In the first month after birth, sucking time was the main portion of feeding time, while occupied 90.8%, and green feed （lxeris denticulata） was 9.2%. In the second and third month after birth, feeding on succulence time became the main portion, which occupied about 84.7% and 94.4% respectively, while total sucking time budget decreased to 15.3% and 5.1% respectively. During lactation period, female fawns spent more time on sucking milk, intake more Ipomoea batats and Morus alba than males （ P 〈 0.05 ） , but there was no difference （ P 〉 0.05 ） in eating mixed food and L denticulata time between them. Singletons spent more time sucking milk and eating L batats than twins（ P 〈0.05 ）, but spent less time eating mixed food and L denticulata （ P 〈 0.05 ）. There was no difference in the time of eating M. alba （ P 〉 0.05 ）. The feeding time budgets showed that milk formed the main component of diet in the first month and succulence became the main dietary component in the following two months. Different milk proportion of diet indicated different nutrition condition among fawns.

关 键 词：幼麝 母乳 青饲料 摄食时间 营养状况 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]