不同管理方式下荔枝园节肢动物群落的调查  

The impact of different management methods on arthropod community in litchi orchards

作　　者：曾赞安[1,2] 梁广文[2] 

机构地区：[1]香港有机农业生态研究协会,香港有机认证中心,中国香港 [2]华南农业大学资源环境学院,广州510642

出　　处：《环境昆虫学报》2008年第1期18-23,共6页Journal of Environmental Entomology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30471169)

摘　　要：2004年-2005年对珠海市斗门区有机荔枝园、失管荔枝园和常规荔枝园节肢动物群落进行了调查。结果表明,三种荔枝园的节肢动物差异较大。节肢动物科、种数以失管荔枝园（有机荔枝园（常规荔枝园。有机荔枝园、失管荔枝园和常规荔枝园害虫个体百分率分别为44.59%、40.86%和36.67%,捕食性天敌个体百分率分别为12.14%、11.02%、5.85%,寄生性天敌个体百分率分别为23.29%、9.38%、8.25%。有机管理下荔枝园节肢动物群落的变化较小,天敌尤其是捕食性天敌数量较高。常规荔枝园由于频繁地使用化学农药,控制害虫的同时也大量地杀伤天敌,特别是捕食性天敌,而且对其他类群的节肢动物也有影响。The impacts of different management methods on arthropod community were analyzed based on the survey in organic, abandoned and conventional litchi plantations at Doumen, Zhuhai, Guangdong province from July 2004 to June 2005. The results indicated that there were significantly different between in three litchi plantations. The amount of families and species were abandoned litchi region 〉 organic litchi region 〉 conventional litchi region. Pest number accounted for 44.59% of the total amount in the organic litchi orchard, 40.86% of the total amount in the abandoned litchi orchard and 36.67% of the total amount in the conventional litchi orchard; predatory enemies percentage being 12. 14%, 11.02% and 5.85% ; parasitoid enemies being 23.29%, 9. 38% and 8.25%. The effect of organic litchi management method on the structure change of arthropod community is less and amount of natural enemies are higher, especially predatory enemies. Excessive use of chemical pesticides in the conventional litchi plantation controlled pests, simultaneity killed enemies, especially predatory enemies and effected on other arthropod community.

关 键 词：有机种植 荔枝园管理 节肢动物群落 生物多样性 

分 类 号：S436[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]