两相和三相反电势控制的永磁无刷电机  

Three-phase and two-phase PM brushless motor controlled by back EMF

作　　者：刘琚生[1] 潘龙飞[1] 赵慧[1] 刘春和[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津航海仪器研究所,天津300131

出　　处：《中国惯性技术学报》2008年第1期104-107,118,共5页Journal of Chinese Inertial Technology

基　　金：国防科技预研项目(51309050101)

摘　　要：反电势控制的永磁无刷电机有两相和三相之分,虽然控制方法相同,但提取反电势过零信号——转子位置信号的机理和方法有较大差别:两相电机提取的是真实的反电势过零信息;三相电机中所取得的反电势过零信息则是以三相绕组"人工"中点为基础的,而这个人工中点又是按理想电机的电压方程式推导出来的,所以这样的"过零点"与实际的三相绕组反电势过零点有差别。在说明了两种电机的基本工作原理之后,分析了两者的差别和这些差别对电机稳速精度的重大影响。最后提出两相和三相反电势控制的永磁无刷电机各自适于不同的使用范围,特别说明在精密陀螺仪中应该选用两相反电势控制的永磁无刷电机。Although three-phase and two-phase PM brushless motor adopt the same control method, its principle and method of picking up EMF null signal（i.e, rotor position signal） are different. The two-phase motor picks up true null signal, while the EMF null signal picked up by three-phase motor is based on the ＂artificial neutral point＂. Since these neutral points are deduced from voltage equation of ideal three-phase motor, the null points with three-phase motor are different from the practical null points. The paper analyses the difference between the two kinds of motors and its influence on speed stability of its motor, and points out that the two motors are suitable for different scopes, and the precision gyro should chose the two-phase motor.

关 键 词：永磁无刷电机 反电势控制三相电机 两相电机 转速稳定性 

分 类 号：U666.1[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]