用量子理论新方法研究电子衍射问题  

Research on Diffraction of Low-energy Neutron with a New Approach of Quantum Theory

作　　者：刘晓静[1] 王光怀[1] 张春丽[1] 刘兵[1] 郭义庆[2] 

机构地区：[1]吉林师范大学物理学院,吉林四平136000 [2]中国科学院高能物理研究所,北京100039

出　　处：《吉林大学学报（理学版）》2008年第2期304-310,共7页Journal of Jilin University:Science Edition

基　　金：吉林省教育厅科技计划项目基金(批准号:2006016)

摘　　要：利用量子理论新方法研究电子的单缝、双缝和三缝衍射问题,结果表明:(1)在单缝衍射中,增加缝厚度可改变衍射条纹的强度和形状;(2)在双缝衍射中,当缝宽a和缝间距d满足(a+d)/a=n(n=1,2,3,…)时,其衍射图产生级数为n,2n,3n,…的缺级;当(a+d)/a≠n(n=1,2,3,…)时,无缺级现象;(3)在双缝衍射中,衍射条纹强度和形状随缝厚度的增加均发生变化,同时缺级现象随缝厚度的增加而消失;(4)在三缝衍射中,缝厚度的变化也影响条纹的强度和形状,并在2个主极大间有1个次极大和2个最小值.We studied electron single-slit, double-slit approach and obtained the following results. （ 1 ） For and three-slit diffraction with a new quantum mechanics single-slit diffraction, the thickness of the single-slit can make a large impact on the diffraction intensity and pattern. （2） For double-slit diffraction, when the ratio of （a ＋ d）/a = n （n = 1,2,3,…）, orders n,2n, 3n,… are missing in diffraction pattern, when the ratio of （ a ＋ d）/a ≠ n （ n = 1,2,3,… ）, there isn＇ t missing order in diffraction pattern. （ 3 ） For double-slit diffrac- tion, it can be found that when the thickness of the double-slit increases, the diffraction intensity and pattern will be changed, and when the thickness of the double-slit increases, the missing order phenomena disappear. （4） For three-slit diffraction, when the thickness of the slit increases, the diffraction intensity and pattern will be changed, and there is one secondary maxima and two minima between the two principle maxima.

关 键 词：物质波 衍射 量子理论 

分 类 号：O571.56[理学—粒子物理与原子核物理]