滨海盐碱地刺槐(Robinia pseudoacacia)混交林土壤水盐动态  

The soil water and soil salt distribution in coastal saline-alkali area:a comparison of pure and mixed plantations

作　　者：曹帮华[1] 吴丽云[1] 宋爱云[2] 于学宁[1] 郝木征[3] 扈明明[3] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学林学院,山东泰安271018 [2]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,北京100085 [3]山东省东营市园林绿化处,山东东营257091

出　　处：《生态学报》2008年第3期939-945,共7页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家科技部农业科技成果转化资金资助项目(02EFN216700794);山东省“十一五”重点科技攻关资助项目(2006GG2206001)~~

摘　　要：以固氮树种刺槐与绒毛白蜡、榆树、臭椿三树种的混交林及其纯林为研究对象,研究了刺槐与不同树种混交对土壤水分、盐分年动态变化的影响。研究结果表明：（1）刺槐与3个树种混交,刺槐臭椿混交林生长最好,均高于各自纯林。（2）混交林一定程度改善了土壤含水量及层次分布,土壤含水量整体趋势均表现出0~60cm表层土中含水量高于各自纯林,而深层土壤含水量低的特点,只有8月份纯林和混交林的土壤含水量没有显著差别。不同树种在具体层次上略有差异;（3）混交林降低了土壤含盐量,改变了土壤盐分层次分布和年变化规律。不同月份间土壤含盐量随土壤深度、混交树种的变化而变化。深层土壤含盐量高,表层土壤含盐量低,混交林含盐量低于纯林且存在树种差异。混交林与纯林含盐量均雨季低,旱季高;但在某一具体月份各层次含盐量差别不大;不同土层含水量、含盐量与天然降水之间有明显的相关性,天然降水是混交林及纯林土壤水分的主要来源。To compare the pure plantations of Robinia pseudoacacia,Fraxinus,Ulmus pumila,and Ailanthus and mixed plantation with a nitrogen fixation species of Robinia pseudoacacia in the annual variations of soil water and soil salt,a series of experiments were carried out to measure the growth of the stand and the amount of soil water and soil salt for different kinds of plantations.The results showed that the mixed plantation of R.pseudoacacia and A.altissima had the best growth among three mixed plantations and all pure plantations.A major characteristic of mixed plantations is the improvement of soil water and soil salt distribution.Top layer of soil（0-60 cm）maintained more water in mixed plantations compared to their respective pure plantations,while the deeper soil water was low in all mixed plantations.As expected,there were not significant differences in soil water between pure and mixed plantation in August.Mixed plantations decreased soil salt and changed the annual distribution in different soil layers.Soil salt varied with months of the year,soil depth,and tree species of mixed plantation.For all plantations,soil salt migrated from top to deeper soil.Further more,the mixed plantations lowered soil salt compared to the pure plantation.Contrast to dry season,soil salt was low in rainy season in both pure plantations and mixed plantations,and the vertical distribution was same in both of pure and mixed plantations.Soil water and soil salt distribution were closely related to seasoning precipitation,and this explains that precipitation was the main water source for pure and mixed plantation.

关 键 词：刺槐(Robinia pseudoacacia) 混交林 滨海盐碱地 年水盐运动规律 

分 类 号：S714[农业科学—林学]