鄂西北夏季对流云降水微物理过程数值模拟  

Numerical Simulation on Precipitation Microphysical Processes of Convective Cloud During Summer in Northwestern Hubei Province

作　　者：王斌[1] 石燕[1] 吴涛[2] 陈宝君[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局武汉暴雨研究所,武汉430074 [2]湖北省十堰市气象局,十堰442000 [3]南京大学大气科学系,南京210093

出　　处：《暴雨灾害》2008年第1期9-16,共8页Torrential Rain and Disasters

基　　金：科技部公益性研究专项"南方积云人工催化模型的研究"(2001DIB20105);湖北省气象局气象科技发展基金项目(2004Y06)共同资助

摘　　要：为了深入研究对流云降水微物理过程特征,为局地对流降水预报和人工增雨提供更多的参考依据,利用三维双参数对流云模式,使用常规单站探空资料,开展湖北西北部山地夏季对流降水实例的批量数值模拟,使用地面降水量和雷达回波资料检验模拟效果,统计分析降水微物理过程特征,归纳总结冰相粒子的形成、增长机制,以及液态水和冰相粒子的相互转化机制。结果表明:(1)对流云模式能够较好地模拟实际对流降水的一些宏观微观特征;(2)当地夏季主要是对流冷云降水,冰相过程是形成降雨的主要物理过程;(3)冰相过程中过冷水、霰、冰晶之间的相互转化过程是主要的冷云降水形成机制。A number of simulation activities are conducted through utilizing a 3-D and 2-parameter convective cloud model, which includes very detailed microphysical processes, in order to analyze characteristics in details of precipitation processes in convective cloud, of which the events often occur during summer in mountainous area of west-northern Hubei Province. This study is expected to enhance understanding of local convection precipitation forecast and rainfall augmentation. Based on the results of simulation, which are comparable to real amount of rainfall and features of radar echoes, warm and cold cloud mierophysical characteristics are analyzed and discussed such as vertical distribution natures of ice phase particles and super cool water, accretion mechanisms of graupel, ice crystal and etc. Finally, the main precipitation microphysieal mechanism of cold convective cloud is concluded.

关 键 词：对流云 云微物理过程 降水 数值模拟 

分 类 号：P426.51[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]