菌糠作为微生物肥料载体的研究  

The Feasibility of Spent Mushroom Substrate as a Kind of Microbial Fertilizer Carrier

作　　者：刘雯雯[1] 姚拓[1] 孙丽娜[1] 苑力辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学草业学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2008年第2期787-791,共5页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：甘肃省中青基金(3YS061-A25-021);甘肃省科技攻关项目(2GS035-A41-001-04);甘肃农业大学创新基金(GAU-CX0501);草业科学国家级重点学科学术骨干科研(Cy-GG-2006-02)

摘　　要：以不同粒径菌糠为载体,接种1株根瘤菌(分离自苜蓿根际)和3株溶磷菌(2株分离自苜蓿根际、1株分离自小麦根际)制作微生物肥料。以泥炭为对照,通过测定载体吸水率、不同保存期有效活菌数及保存40d时的种子发芽指数,探讨了未经堆肥腐熟处理的菌糠直接作为微生物肥料载体的可行性。结果表明,第75d时,菌种S7在菌糠1和菌糠2上的数量分别高于对照CK5.1×102和1.6×103倍;P170在菌糠1和菌糠2上的数量分别高于CK1.9×104和4.2×104倍;P191在菌糠1和菌糠2上的数量分别高于CK9.3×102和4.6×103倍;菌种P92在菌糠1和菌糠2上的数量分别高于CK7.7×102和1.8×104倍;在第135d时,菌糠菌肥的有效活菌数仍在108个·g-1以上,高于泥炭对照;不同菌种对菌糠粒径要求不同;用浸提液培养苜蓿种子60h之后,各处理种子发芽指数均高于80%,初步认为该肥料浸提液对植物无毒性。未经堆肥腐熟处理的菌糠作为微生物肥料的载体是可行的。Experiments were conducted to detect whether spent mushroom substrate （SMS, the residual substrate after edible fungi cultivation） could be carrier for microbial fertilizer by inoculating four plant growth promoting rhizobacterial （PGPR） strains on it. Water absorbing capability, PGPR numbers in different stages after inoeulating and alfalfa seeds germination index were measured. The results showed that the 6 mm SMS had the largest capability of water absorbing, which meant it was a better survival environment to effective strains. The numbers of those strains on SMS were obviously larger than on peat and rhizobia S7, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria 170, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria 191, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria 92 on SMS increased by 5.1×10^2～1.6×10^3, 1.9×10^4～4.2×10^4, 9.3×10^2～4.6×10^3, 7,7×10^2～1.8×10^4 times than their numbers on peat（control）, respectively. The phytotoxicity of SMS was measured with germination index （GI） of alfalfa seeds that were cultured in the solution of microbial fertilizer made by SMS. The results indicated that all of the GIs were above 80% and the solution could be beneficial to plant seed development but no phytotoxieity. Therefore, SMS would be an ideal carrier for microbial fertilizer.

关 键 词：微生物肥料 载体 菌糠 有效活菌数 发芽指数 植物毒性 

分 类 号：X712[环境科学与工程—环境工程]