土壤放射性污染的生态效应及生物修复  

Ecological effect and bioremediation of radioactive contaminated soils

作　　者：孙赛玉[1] 周青[2] 

机构地区：[1]江南大学环境与土木工程学院,无锡214122 [2]江南大学工业生物技术教育部重点实验室,无锡214122

出　　处：《中国生态农业学报》2008年第2期523-528,共6页Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture

摘　　要：放射元素半衰期长,放射性污染物进入土壤会危害农业生态环境,威胁人类的健康和其他生物的生存。本文介绍了土壤放射性污染的来源及环境生态效应,阐述了土壤放射性污染的生物修复途径、修复方法、修复机理和影响修复效果的因素,指出生物修复土壤放射性污染的关键,即利用植物基因工程技术筛选核素积累植物和超积累植物,通过构建基因工程技术筛选、改造对放射性核素具有高度亲和力且对环境友好的微生物。Radionuclide with long half-life causes radioactive contamination and produces a series impact on the ecosystem, threatens human health and survival of other bio-organisms. The sources of radioactive contamination and effect on the ecosystem are introduced in this paper. The approach, method, mechanism and affecting factors of bioremediation are also reviewed. The key to successful bioremediation is pointed out, that is, the application of plant genetic engineering in screening out radionuclide accumulators and hyper-accumulators, utilization of genetic engineering technology to select and reconstruct environment-friendly bacteria with strong bound to radionuclides.

关 键 词：土壤 放射性污染 生态效应 植物修复 微生物修复 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]