冬麦北移后小麦籽粒灌浆特性的初步研究  

Preliminary Study on Grain Filling of Winter Wheat Planted in Northern Region

作　　者：鲁清林[1] 叶石[2] 何春雨[1] 柴守玺[2] 

机构地区：[1]兰州商学院小麦研究所 [2]甘肃农业大学农学院,甘肃兰州730020

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2008年第2期281-286,共6页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：甘肃省科技攻关项目(ZGS042-A41-002)

摘　　要：为了解冬麦北移后小麦粒重的变化,在甘肃清水(冬麦原种植区)和武威(北移区)设两个试验点,对籽粒灌浆特性进行了比较研究。籽粒灌浆过程用logistic方程进行拟合,推导出一系列次级参数,用卡方(χ2)测验进行了拟合优度测验,同时对千粒重与不同参数之间的关系进行了相关和回归分析。结果表明,线性相关系数(r)均为极显著,说明用logistic方程描述籽粒灌浆过程是合适的。在拟合优度检验中,χ2(χ20。05,表明方程拟合较好。冬麦北移后整个灌浆过程的平均灌浆速率和渐增期灌浆速率均明显提高,快增期灌浆速率、缓增期灌浆速率及最大灌浆速率略有降低,整个籽粒灌浆过程持续时间缩短,最大粒重和实际千粒重均有所提高。相关分析结果表明,北移区千粒重与最大灌浆速率(Rmax)呈极显著正相关,与平均灌浆速率(R)和快增期灌浆速率(R2)呈显著正相关,与渐增期灌浆速率(R1)、缓增期灌浆持续时间(T3)和籽粒灌浆速率达最大值时间(Tmax)呈正相关,与缓增期灌浆速率(R3)、整个灌浆过程持续时间(T)、渐增期灌浆持续时间(T1)和快增期灌浆持续时间(T2)呈负相关。回归分析结果表明,从整个灌浆过程分析,籽粒灌浆速率对粒重的影响大于整个灌浆过程持续时间。从阶段灌浆参数分析来看,渐增期的灌浆速率、快增期的灌浆速率和缓增期持续时间是影响北移区冬小麦千粒重的3个主要参数,其中快增期灌浆速率对千粒重提高的作用更大一些。To realize the change of grain weight of winter wheat planted in northern region, the process of grain filling of wheats grown in Qingshui （the original region ）and Wuwei（the northern re- gion） were investigated. The process of grain filling was simulated by Logistic curve regression equation, and got a series of second parameters, and fitness of a good Logistic curve regression equation wars tested by X^2 test. The relations between kernel weight and their parameters was analyzed by correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. The result showed, the correlation coefficient （r） was significant at 0.01 level,indiated the process of grain filling was well described by Logistic equation simulating.X^2〈X^20.05,indicated Logistic equation simulated was good. While growing in northern region,the average,rate of grain filling（R）and the rate of grain filling of gradual growth period（R1） of winter wheat was obviously raised,the rate of grain filling of fast growth period（R2）,the rate of grain filling of slow growth period（R3） and the maximum rate of grain filling （Rmax） was reduced.The whole period of grain filling （T）was shortened,the maximum grain weight and kernel weight was raised.The correlation analysis showed that growing in the northern region,the kernel weight of winter wheat was positive correlated with（Rmax） at 0.01 significant level,positive correlated with R and R2 at 0.05 significant level, positive correlated with （R1）, the days of grain filling of slow growth period （T3）and the time of maximum rate of grain filling （ Tmax ）, negative correlated with R3, the days of grain filling of gradual growth period （T1） and the days of grain filling fast growth period（T2）. The regression analysis showed the influencing of R was more obvious than T. The main factors affecting kernel weight were R1 ,R2 and T3, the R2 plays an important role in the raising of kernel weight.

关 键 词：冬小麦 籽粒灌浆 千粒重 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S318