哮喘儿童行为异常的心理社会因素分析  

Analysis the influence factor of asthmatic children＇ s behavioral problems

作　　者：王德颖[1] 孙月吉[1] 阎楠[1] 林媛[1] 赵广东[1] 景淑君[2] 张忠鲁[3] 陈锦波 宋超英 

机构地区：[1]大连医科大学精神卫生教研室,大连1116027 [2]大连市儿童医院呼吸科 [3]大连市友谊医院呼吸科 [4]大连市口腔医院

出　　处：《中国行为医学科学》2008年第3期214-216,共3页Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medical Science

摘　　要：目的探讨哮喘儿童的行为问题与哮喘儿童的气质、个性及父母教养方式之间的关系。方法随机抽取45例儿童哮喘患者与69例正常儿童，应用自制哮喘儿童问卷、Achenbach儿童行为量表（CBCL）、儿童艾森克个性测试（EPQ）、儿童气质问卷、父母教养方式问卷（EMBU）进行调查分析。结果1．儿童行为：哮喘儿童组与正常对照组在总粗分、学习能力、分裂性、交往不良和强迫性因子上差异有显著性（t=2．778～3．805，P〈0．05）。2．儿童气质：4～7岁哮喘组与正常对照组儿童在规律性因子上差异有显著性（t=2．602，P〈0．05）。哮喘儿童气质的活动水平与哮喘儿童的行为问题的总粗分、分裂性、强迫性、攻击性和违纪因子存在正相关（r=0．451～0．804，P〈0．05）。反应强度与分裂性因子呈正相关（r=0．444，P〈0．05）。3．儿童人格（EPQ）：8～14岁哮喘儿童和正常对照儿童人格差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。4．父母教养方式：哮喘组与正常对照组只在父偏爱和母偏爱两个维度上差异有显著性（t=2．946，2．997，P〈0．05）。哮喘儿童的行为问题与哮喘儿童父母的教养方式之间无相关性（P〉0．05）。5．多元线性回归显示哮喘儿童行为问题与儿童气质的活动水平，规律性及父母教养方式的母拒绝有关。结论哮喘儿童与正常对照儿童相比存在更多的行为问题；哮喘儿童的行为问题与哮喘儿童的气质相关，与儿童人格和父母教养方式无相关性。Objective To explore the relationship between asthmatic children＇s behavioral problems and asthmatic children＇s temperaments,personalities,their EMBU. Methods 45 outpatient cases of asthmatic children and 69 cases of non-asthmatic children were investigated with Eysenck′s personality Questionaire （EPQ）, Eg- ma Minnen av Bardndosnaupp for stran （ EMBU）, Child Behavior Checklist （CBCL） and Children Temperament Questionnaire. Results （1）Behavior： 5 items had significant different between asthmatic and non-asthmatic children （ t = 2. 778- 3. 805, P 〈 0.05 ）. （2） Temperament：the rhythm of 3 -7 years old asthmatic children had significant different with non-asthmatic children （ t = 2. 602, P 〈0.05 ）. There was statistics difference trend on activities and reaction intensity. 5 items had positive correlations with the activity of asthmatic children temperament （ r = 0.451 - 0. 804, P 〈 0.05 ） The reaction intensity had positive correlation with the split （ r = 0. 444, P 〈 0.05 ）. （3）EPQ：no difference in statistics was found between 8 - 14 years old asthmatic groups and the control （ P 〉 0.05）. （4）EMBU：asthmatic group and non-asthmatic group had significant different on factor IV （F＆M） （ t = 2. 946,2. 997, P 〈 0.05 ）. There was no relativity between the asthmatic children＇s behavioral problems and EM- BU （ P 〉 0.05 ）. Conclusion Asthmatic children had more behavioral problems than non-asthmatic children. Asthmatic children＇s behavioral problems were related with children＇s temperaments.

关 键 词：儿童 哮喘 行为 相关因素 

分 类 号：R725.6[医药卫生—儿科] R395[医药卫生—临床医学]