四川地区结核患者就医行为研究  

STUDY ON THE HOSPITALIZING BEHAVIOR OF PATIENTS WITH TUBERCULOSIS IN SICHUAN AREA

作　　者：龙腾[1] 李宁秀[2] 杨光京[3] 曾莉萍[1] 魏常友[1] 陈建[1] 

机构地区：[1]成都医学院,成都610083 [2]四川大学华西公共卫生学院 [3]四川省结核病防治所

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2008年第7期1301-1304,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：[目的]探讨结核患者就医行为,为结核病的治疗和管理提供参考依据。[方法]选取四川省结核病防治所作为研究现场,采用系统抽样的方法抽取428例结核病患者作为研究对象。运用定性和定量研究相结合的方法对选取的研究对象的就医行为问卷调查,并抽取部分患者和医生进行深入访谈。[结果]定性研究表明,结核病的临床治疗失败与结核病诊疗过程中的人为因素有关。结核病患者就医行为受到多方面因素的影响,绝大多数结核病患者存在诊疗延误,尤其是农村和城市贫困人群的结核病患者延误最为突出。老年结核病患者诊疗延误时间长,治疗依从性较差。结核病患者对结核病知识水平缺乏,医患关系需要进一步加强。[结论]结核病患者诊断和治疗过程中延误状况严重,影响结核病的治愈率。严格实施DOTS和保持好的依从性是减少耐药结核和提高治愈率的前提条件。提高结核病患者的结核病知识水平,解决结核防治人员短缺,密切医患关系是有效地解决结核病防治的重要措施。[ Objective] To explore the hospitalizing behavior of patients with tuberculosis, and provide referenced bases for the treatment and government of tuberculosis. [ Methods] This study was conducted at the Institute Of Tuberculosis Control and Prevention （ITCP） in Sichuan Province, and 1 489 patients with TB were selected by systematic sampling. Used the methods of qualitative and quantitative research, hospitalizing behavior of the objects was investigated by questionnaires, and a part of patients and doctors adopted the method of in-depth interview. [Results] The qualitative research showed that the failure of treatment of tuberculosis associated with human factors in the course of diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis. Many factors influenced the hospitalizing behavior of the patients with TB, and the majority of patients with TB had the delayed diagnosis and the treatment, especially the patients with TB in rural population and the poor urban population. Aged TB patients＇ delayed time of diagnosis and treatment generally was longer and compliance to treatment regimens was poor. The 333 patients lacked of knowledge about TB, and it was necessary to enhance the relationship between doctors and patients. [Conclusion] The TB patients have serious delay in the course of diagnosis and treatment, which influences upon cure rate of them. A well-functioning DOTS program and keeping good compliance are the precondition in reducing drug resistant TB and improving cure rate. Improving the knowledge about TB, dealing with the lack of the worker for TB control and enhancing the relationship between doctors and patients are important measures to solve prevention and control on TB.

关 键 词：结核病 就医行为 认知水平 

分 类 号：R52[医药卫生—内科学]